Regional biodiversity in an agricultural landscape: the contribution of seminatural habitat islands
Regional biodiversity in an agricultural landscape: the contribution of seminatural habitat islands
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DOI：
10.1078/1439-1791-00140
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Obrist, MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duelli, P;Obrist, MK
农业区生态补偿措施的一个重要目标是保护和提高区域物种多样性。然而，目前欧洲的一些农业环境计划似乎相当无效。一个可能的解释是在密集耕种的景观中缺乏源种群。自然生境和非自然生境的保留可以以各种方式促进区域生物多样性：作为特殊物种的必要栖息地，作为垫脚石，以及作为冬眠，幼虫发育或产卵前进食的临时栖息地。节肢动物物种的总体百分比，其中自然栖息地是生活在农业景观中的必要先决条件，的18个标准化诱捕站的5公里长的样带进行评估。该样带从一个孤立的湿地区域，通过密集管理的农田和草地，到一个孤立的半干旱草甸接壤的混交林。对于1000多种节肢动物物种，根据它们对半自然栖息地的亲和力，解释了沿着一年捕获量的空间和时间分布。专家们被要求判断明显普遍存在的物种的可疑案例。总的来说，超过63%的动物物种（除了土壤和水生动物）生活在林巴赫山谷的农业管理区，似乎依赖于自然栖息地的存在。我们的结论是，残留的岛屿的自然或人工自然栖息地提供了最重要的源人口的农业环境计划，以提高生物多样性，否则枯竭的农业景观。
An important goal of ecological compensation measures in agricultural areas is the conservation and enhancement of regional species diversity. However, some current European agri-environment schemes seem to be rather ineffective. A likely explanation is the lack of source populations in intensely cultivated landscapes. Remnants of natural and seminatural habitats can contribute to regional biodiversity in various ways: as essential habitats for specialised species, as stepping stones, and as temporary habitats for hibernation, larval development, or preovipository feeding.The overall percentage of arthropod species, for which seminatural habitats are an essential prerequisite for living in an agricultural landscape, was assessed with a 5 km long transect of 18 standardised trapping stations. The transect extended from an isolated area of wetland through intensely managed crop fields and grassland to an isolated semiarid meadow bordered by mixed forest. For more than 1000 arthropod species the spatial and temporal distribution of a one year's catch along the transect was interpreted with regard to their affinity to seminatural habitats. Experts were asked to judge questionable cases of apparent ubiquist species.All in all, more than 63% of all animal species (except for soil and water fauna) living in the agriculturally managed areas of the Limpach valley seem to depend on the presence of seminatural habitats. We conclude that remnant islands of natural or seminatural habitats provide the most important source populations for agri-environment schemes in order to enhance biodiversity in an otherwise depleted agricultural landscape.