Human saliva as a diagnostic specimen
Human saliva as a diagnostic specimen
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/131.5.1621s
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hofman, LF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hofman, LF
人类唾液可通过无创技术轻松获取，且包含许多用于筛查、诊断和监测的有价值的分析物。这些分析物包括类固醇及其他非肽类激素、治疗药物、滥用药物和抗体。在过去的40年里，大量研究表明血清和唾液水平之间存在相关性。激素水平的昼夜和月度变化曲线与传统的血清模式相似。患者在家中就可轻松收集多个用于类固醇激素分析的样本，以监测生育周期、更年期波动、压力及其他昼夜变化。无需前往抽血机构，就能监测药物剂量，既方便又节省费用。可通过测定抗体水平来筛查传染病。唾液可直接吐入试管中收集，也可使用几种装置中的一种来收集，每种装置都有其独特的优缺点。血清中与蛋白质结合的类固醇激素及其他分析物在唾液中的水平反映了激素的未结合及活性浓度。唾液不仅可作为一种诊断样本，比血清更经济高效地获取信息，还能提供血清检测无法轻易获得的信息。
Human saliva can be easily obtained by noninvasive techniques and contains many analytes of interest for screening, diagnosis and monitoring. These include steroid and other nonpeptide hormones, therapeutic drugs, drugs of abuse and antibodies. Numerous studies in the past 40 y have shown correlations between serum and saliva levels. Both diurnal and monthly profiles of hormone levels parallel traditional serum patterns. Multiple specimens for steroid hormone analysis can be easily collected by the patient, at home, to monitor fertility cycles, menopausal fluctuations, stress and other diurnal variations. Drug doses can be monitored without inconvenient and costly visits to blood-drawing facilities. Antibody levels can be determined to screen for infectious diseases. Saliva can be collected directly by spitting into a tube or with one of several devices, each of which has its own special advantages and disadvantages. Salivary levels of steroid hormones and other analytes that are protein bound in serum reflect the unbound and active concentration of the hormone. Saliva can be used as a diagnostic specimen not only to obtain information more inexpensively and efficiently than serum, but also to provide information not readily available from serum testing.