Two kinds of polar knowledge

Two kinds of polar knowledge
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两种极地知识

DOI:
10.1080/10899995.2020.1838849
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hamilton, Lawrence C.
Hamilton, Lawrence C.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hamilton, Lawrence C.

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与公众的接触和交流在极地研究中具有重大价值,在极地研究中,研究往往发现具有全球重要性的变化正在发生,而大多数生活在较低纬度的人看不到这些变化。为了寻找外展计划有效性的证据,美国国家科学基金会在2007/2008国际极地年前后赞助了大规模的调查评估。极地知识问题随后通过其他全国性和地区性调查进行了测试和完善。十多年的这类工作已经证明,基本但相当具体的知识问题--所有答案选择听起来似乎都是合理的,但其中一个是唯一正确的--可以产生高度可复制的结果。然而,这些结果描绘了一幅复杂的知识图景。一些事实问题似乎被许多受访者解读为似乎被问及他们对气候变化的个人信念,因此他们的回答反映了社会政治认同,而不是物理世界的知识。从设计上讲,其他事实问题与气候变化信念并没有明显的联系--因此,在知识差距和教育需求方面,答案有更简单的解释。
Outreach and communication with the public have substantial value in polar research, in which studies often find changes of global importance that are happening far out of sight from the majority of people living at lower latitudes. Seeking evidence on the effectiveness of outreach programs, the U.S. National Science Foundation sponsored large-scale survey assessments before and after the International Polar Year in 2007/2008. Polar-knowledge questions have subsequently been tested and refined through other nationwide and regional surveys. More than a decade of such work has established that basic but fairly specific knowledge questions, with all answer choices sounding plausible but one being uniquely correct, can yield highly replicable results. Those results, however, paint a mixed picture of knowledge. Some factual questions seem to be interpreted by many respondents as if they had been asked for their personal beliefs about climate change, so their responses reflect sociopolitical identity rather than physical-world knowledge. Other factual questions, by design, do not link in obvious ways to climate-change beliefs—so responses have simpler interpretations in terms of knowledge gaps, and education needs.
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发表时间: 2016
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