Meteorological drivers and mortality associated with O3 and PM2.5 air pollution episodes in the UK in 2006
Meteorological drivers and mortality associated with O3 and PM2.5 air pollution episodes in the UK in 2006
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.06.030
复制
发表时间：
2019-09-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Agnew, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fenech, Sara;Doherty, Ruth M.;Agnew, Paul
在这项研究中，我们研究的气象驱动因素导致并发高水平的臭氧（O-3）和颗粒物小于2.5 μ m的直径（PM2.5）在2006年的两个五天的空气污染事件（1日至5日7月18日至22日）使用空气质量模式（AQUM）在12公里的水平分辨率来模拟空气污染物浓度。由此产生的英国健康负担与短期暴露于模拟最大每日8小时O-3（MDA 8 O-3）和每日平均PM2.5的估计在国家和地区的水平。这两个情节被发现是由反气旋条件驱动，轻东风和东南风和高温，帮助污染建立在英国。在所选事件期间，与短期暴露于MDA 8 O-3相关的估计总死亡率负担相似，在第一次和第二次事件期间分别提前约70例每日死亡（在英国求和）。与短期暴露于每日平均PM2.5浓度相关的估计健康负担在第一次和第二次发作之间不同，分别导致约43和36例每日死亡。在这两次事件期间和整个英国地区，由于短期暴露于MDA 8 O-3和每日平均PM2.5而导致的全因死亡率的相应百分比分别为3.4%至5.2%和1.6%至3.9%。全因死亡率的可归因百分比因各区域的污染程度而异，但总的估计健康负担在人口总数较高的区域最高。我们估计，在这些事件中，短期暴露于MDA 8 O-3和每日平均PM2.5分别高出36-38%和39-56%之间，如果污染水平代表典型的季节平均浓度。这突出表明空气污染事件可能对公众健康产生重大的短期影响。
In this study we examine the meteorological drivers resulting in concurrent high levels of ozone (O-3) and particulate matter smaller than 2.5 mu m in diameter (PM2.5) during two five-day air pollution episodes in 2006 (1st - 5th July and 18th - 22nd July) using an air quality model (AQUM) at 12 km horizontal resolution to simulate air pollutant concentrations. The resultant UK health burden associated with short-term exposure to simulated maximum daily 8-h O-3 (MDA8 O-3) and daily mean PM2.5 is estimated at the national and regional level.Both episodes were found to be driven by anticyclonic conditions with light easterly and south easterly winds and high temperatures that aided pollution build up in the UK. The estimated total mortality burden associated with short-term exposure to MDA8 O-3 is similar during the chosen episodes with about 70 daily deaths brought forward (summed across the UK) during the first and second episode, respectively. The estimated health burden associated with short-term exposure to daily mean PM2.5 concentrations differs between the first and second episode resulting in about 43 and 36 daily deaths brought forward, respectively. The corresponding percentage of all-cause mortality due to short-term exposure to MDA8 O-3 and daily mean PM2.5 during these two episodes and across the UK regions, ranges from 3.4% to 5.2% and from 1.6% to 3.9%, respectively. The attributable percentage of all-cause mortality differs between the regions depending on the pollution levels in each episode, but the overall estimated health burdens are highest in regions with higher population totals. We estimate that during these episodes the short-term exposure to MDA8 O-3 and daily mean PM2.5 is between 36-38% and 39-56% higher, respectively, than if the pollution levels represented typical seasonal-mean concentrations. This highlights the potential of air pollution episodes to have substantial short-term impacts on public health.