Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being
Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being
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DOI：
10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.68
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Deci, EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ryan, RM;Deci, EL
人类要么主动积极、积极参与，要么被动疏离，这在很大程度上取决于他们发展和发挥作用的社会条件。因此，以自我决定理论为指导的研究侧重于促进与阻碍自我激励和健康心理发展的自然过程的社会背景条件。具体来说，研究了增强与破坏内在动机、自我调节和幸福感的因素。这些发现导致了三种先天心理需求的假设能力，自律和相关性，当满足时，会增强自我激励和心理健康，当受到阻碍时，会导致动机和幸福感减弱。还考虑了这些心理需求和过程在医疗保健，教育，工作，体育，宗教和心理治疗等领域的重要性。
Human beings call be proactive and engaged or, alternatively, passive and alienated, largely as a function of the social conditions in which they develop and function. Accordingly, research guided by self-determination theory has focused on the social-contextual conditions that facilitate versus forestall the natural processes of self-motivation and healthy psychological development. Specifically, factors have been examined that enhance versus undermine intrinsic motivation, self-regulation, and well-being. The findings have led to the postulate of three innate psychological needs-competence, antonomy, and relatedness-which,when satisfied yield enhanced self-motivation and mental health and when thwarted lead to diminished motivation and well-being. Also considered is the significance of these psychological needs and processes within domains such as health care, education, work, sport, religion, and psychotherapy.