Temporal integration in nasal lateralization of homologous propionates.
Temporal integration in nasal lateralization of homologous propionates.
复制标题
同源丙酸盐鼻侧化的时间整合。
DOI：
10.1080/08958370802555880
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Wysocki,CharlesJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wise,PaulM;Toczydlowski,SeanE;Zhao,Kai;Wysocki,CharlesJ
对于挥发性化学物质引起的鼻刺激，哈伯规则 (k=CnT) 的一个版本可以对浓度 (C) 和暴露时间 (T) 之间的权衡进行建模，以实现固定的感官影响，例如阈值水平的刺激或固定的阈上强度。术语 k 是一个常数。指数 n 代表系统随时间的集成程度。指数 1 表示完全的时间整合：刺激持续时间的 x 倍增加恰好补偿了浓度的减少 1/x。指数大于 1 表示时间整合不完整：需要持续时间增加超过 1 倍。在之前对同源醇的研究中，n随着亚甲基单元的数量而系统地变化：随着碳链长度的增加，整合变得更加完整。为了探索这一发现的普遍性，我们测试了亚甲基单元数量不同的同源酯：丙酸正乙酯、丙酸正丙酯和丙酸正丁酯。鼻侧化用于测量刺激阈值。人类受试者在每次实验期间接受固定浓度的单一化合物。改变刺激持续时间以找到引起侧向刺激的最短刺激。不同疗程的浓度和化合物各不相同。与正醇的结果一致，随着亚甲基单元数量的增加，整合变得更加完全。脂溶性随链长变化；因此，鼻粘膜的溶解度可能在刺激的动力学中发挥作用。此外，初步分析表明，对于两个化学系列汇总的数据，n 随与溶解度和扩散相关的分子参数而系统地变化。
For nasal irritation from volatile chemicals, a version of Haber’s rule (k=CnT) can model the trade-off between concentration (C) and duration of exposure (T) to achieve a fixed sensory impact, e.g. threshold-level irritation or a fixed suprathreshold intensity. The termkis a constant. The exponent,n, represents how well the system integrates over time. An exponent of 1 indicates complete temporal integration: anx-fold increase in stimulus duration exactly compensates for cutting the concentration 1/x. An exponent greater than 1 indicates incomplete temporal integration: more than anx-fold increase in duration is needed. In a previous study of homologous alcohols,nvaried systematically with number of methylene units: integration became more complete as the length of the carbon chain increased. To explore the generality of this finding, we tested homologous esters that differ in the number of methylene units:n-ethyl propionate,n-propyl propionate, andn-butyl propionate. Nasal lateralization was used to measure irritation thresholds. Human subjects received a fixed concentration of a single compound within each experimental session. Stimulus duration was varied to find the briefest stimulus that caused lateralizable irritation. Concentration and compound varied across sessions. Consistent with results withn-alcohols, integration became more complete as the number of methylene units increased. Lipid solubility varies with chain length; hence, solubility in the nasal mucosa may play a role in the dynamics of irritation. Further, preliminary analyses suggest that, for data pooled across both chemical series,nvaries systematically with molecular parameters related to solubility and diffusion.