The Relationship between Static Charge and Shape
The Relationship between Static Charge and Shape
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DOI：
10.1021/acscentsci.9b01108
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发表时间：
2020-05-27
影响因子：
18.2
通讯作者：
Soh, Siowling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pandey, Rakesh K.;Ao, Chi Kit;Soh, Siowling
材料的电荷量一直被认为是材料的一种属性（或状态），可以精确而具体地测量。这项研究首次描述了一种基本的物理化学现象，在这种现象中，材料的电荷量实际上是一个变量——它取决于材料的形状。通过改变材料的形状，材料具有连续可变和可逆的电荷状态范围。对于不同的形状、变形、材料、大气条件和充电方法，这种现象是普遍的。电荷的变化可能是由于通过可逆电离和空气分子沉积而改变形状时，材料与周围大气之间的电荷动态交换所致。在自致动材料中也观察到类似的电荷变化，这些材料可以自主改变形状。几何和静电之间的这种基本关系通过化学是重要的广泛的应用有关柔性材料的电荷。
The amount of charge of a material has always been regarded as a property (or state) of materials and can be measured precisely and specifically. This study describes for the first time a fundamental physical-chemical phenomenon in which the amount of charge of a material is actually a variable-it depends on the shape of the material. Materials are shown to have continuously variable and reversible ranges of charge states by changing their shapes. The phenomenon was general for different shapes, transformations, materials, atmospheric conditions, and methods of charging. The change in charge was probably due to a dynamic exchange of charge from the material to the surrounding atmosphere as the shape changed via the reversible ionization and deposition of air molecules. Similar changes in charge were observed for self-actuating materials that changed their shapes autonomously. This fundamental relationship between geometry and electrostatics via chemistry is important for the broad range of applications related to the charge of flexible materials.