Using viromes to predict novel immune proteins in non-model organisms.
Using viromes to predict novel immune proteins in non-model organisms.
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使用病毒组预测非模型生物中的新型免疫蛋白。
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2016.1200
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rohwer,ForestL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quistad,StevenD;Lim,YanWei;Silva,GenivaldoGueirosZ;Nelson,CraigE;Haas,AndreasF;Kelly,LindaWegley;Edwards,RobertA;Rohwer,ForestL
免疫主要在几种模式生物中进行研究，而地球上的大多数免疫系统尚未被探索。为了表征非模式生物的免疫系统，需要替代方法。病毒通过表达调节免疫反应的蛋白质来操纵宿主细胞生物学。我们假设病毒群落的宏基因组测序将有助于识别已知和未知的宿主免疫蛋白。为了检验这一假设，我们生成了模拟人类病毒组，并使用 tBLASTn 与人类蛋白质组进行比较，得到了 36 种已知与免疫相关的蛋白质。然后，同样的流程被应用于造礁珊瑚，这是一种非模型生物，目前缺乏转基因动物、基因编辑能力和体外细胞培养等传统分子工具。从珊瑚中分离出病毒组，并与预测的珊瑚蛋白质组进行比较，得到 2503 个珊瑚蛋白，其中包括许多与病原体感知和细胞凋亡有关的蛋白质。还有 159 种珊瑚蛋白预计与珊瑚免疫有关，但目前缺乏任何功能注释。这里描述的管道提供了一种快速预测宿主免疫成分的新方法，该方法几乎可以应用于任何有可能发现新型免疫蛋白的系统。
Immunity is mostly studied in a few model organisms, leaving the majority of immune systems on the planet unexplored. To characterize the immune systems of non-model organisms alternative approaches are required. Viruses manipulate host cell biology through the expression of proteins that modulate the immune response. We hypothesized that metagenomic sequencing of viral communities would be useful to identify both known and unknown host immune proteins. To test this hypothesis, a mock human virome was generated and compared to the human proteome using tBLASTn, resulting in 36 proteins known to be involved in immunity. This same pipeline was then applied to reef-building coral, a non-model organism that currently lacks traditional molecular tools like transgenic animals, gene-editing capabilities, andin vitrocell cultures. Viromes isolated from corals and compared with the predicted coral proteome resulted in 2503 coral proteins, including many proteins involved with pathogen sensing and apoptosis. There were also 159 coral proteins predicted to be involved with coral immunity but currently lacking any functional annotation. The pipeline described here provides a novel method to rapidly predict host immune components that can be applied to virtually any system with the potential to discover novel immune proteins.