The Enigma of Low-Density Granulocytes in Humans: Complexities in the Characterization and Function of LDGs during Disease.
The Enigma of Low-Density Granulocytes in Humans: Complexities in the Characterization and Function of LDGs during Disease.
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DOI：
10.3390/pathogens10091091
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发表时间：
2021-08-27
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Robinson CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seman BG;Robinson CM
低密度粒细胞（LDG）被认为是人类健康和疾病状态下的重要免疫细胞，包括微生物感染、癌症和自身免疫功能障碍。然而，这种细胞类型的分类与其他免疫细胞（例如中性粒细胞、骨髓源性抑制细胞）相似，并且模糊的功能标准使得 LDG 的识别和分离令人畏惧。此外，大多数涉及 LDG 的研究主要集中在成人细胞和受试者上，这使得年轻人群的不确定性增加，特别是在 LDG 数量较高的弱势新生儿群体中。本综述旨在汇集 LDG 生物学领域在疾病免疫背景下的当前研究，重点是感染。此外，我们建议强调该领域的空白，如果填补这些空白，可以改进与中性粒细胞和骨髓源性抑制细胞（MDSC）分离的 LDG 的分离技术和功能表征。这不仅将增强对疾病过程中 LDG 以及它们与其他细胞类型有何不同的理解，还将有助于解释比较研究和结果，并有可能为开发新疗法以改善患者的疾病状态提供信息。
Low-density granulocytes (LDGs) have been characterized as important immune cells during healthy and disease states in humans, including microbial infections, cancer, and autoimmune dysfunction. However, the classification of this cell type is similar to other immune cells (e.g., neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells) and ambiguous functional standards have rendered LDG identification and isolation daunting. Furthermore, most research involving LDGs has mainly focused on adult cells and subjects, leaving increased uncertainty surrounding younger populations, especially in vulnerable neonatal groups where LDG numbers are elevated. This review aims to bring together the current research in the field of LDG biology in the context of immunity to disease, with a focus on infection. In addition, we propose to highlight the gaps in the field that, if filled, could improve upon isolation techniques and functional characterizations for LDGs separate from neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This will not only enhance understanding of LDGs during disease processes and how they differ from other cell types but will also aid in the interpretation of comparative studies and results with the potential to inform development of novel therapeutics to improve disease states in patients.
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