Hormonal Prostaglandin F2α Mediates Behavioral Responsiveness to a Species-Specific Multi-component Male Hormonal Sex Pheromone in a Female Fish
Hormonal Prostaglandin F2α Mediates Behavioral Responsiveness to a Species-Specific Multi-component Male Hormonal Sex Pheromone in a Female Fish
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DOI：
10.1093/icb/icab061
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发表时间：
2021-05-06
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Levesque，Haude M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sorensen，Peter W.;Levesque，Haude M.
虽然在大约12种硬骨鱼中已经很好地描述了激素衍生的雌性性信息素，但只有少数雄性性信息素被表征，并且对它们的行为反应的神经内分泌基础尚不清楚。在此，我们描述了一项研究，该研究使用金鱼Carassius auratus来解决这个问题，Carassius auratus是一种重要的模型物种，用于研究激素如何驱动产卵硬骨鱼的行为。我们的研究有四个组成部分。首先，我们检查了雌性金鱼的行为反应性，发现当注射前列腺素F2α(PGF2α)（一种驱动雌性性接受性的治疗）时，它们会被同种成熟雄性的气味强烈而独特地吸引，而未注射PGF2α的金鱼则无法区分雌雄。接下来，我们通过检测pgf2 α-处理的雌性对成熟雄性同种鱼或雄性普通鲤鱼气味以及它们的非极性和极性部分气味的响应性，来表征雄性信息素的复杂性和特异性。研究发现，雄性金鱼的气味比雄性鲤鱼更有吸引力，其活性可归因于其非极性部分和极性部分，后者传递了物种身份信息。第三，我们假设雄烯二酮（一种由所有雄鱼产生的19碳性类固醇）可能是非极性部分，并测试了pgf2 α-处理过的金鱼是单独被AD吸引还是作为同水混合物的一部分被吸引。我们发现，虽然AD本身没有活性，但当它被添加到之前没有吸引力的雌性同水中时，它变得非常有吸引力。最后，在一项非激素同异气味是否决定物种特异性的测试中，我们将AD添加到三种鱼类的水中，发现AD虽然使金鱼水具有很强的吸引力，但对其他持水物种的影响很小。我们得出结论，排卵时产生的循环pgf2 α诱导雌性金鱼对雄性信息素的行为敏感性，这种雄性信息素由AD和身体代谢物的混合物组成。由于pgf2 α通常介导产卵鱼类的排卵和雌性性行为，而AD是雄性鱼类普遍产生的睾酮前体，我们认为这两种激素在许多鱼类中可能具有相似的作用，介导雄性雌性行为和交流。
Although hormonally-derived female sex pheromones have been well described in approximately a dozen species of teleost fish, only a few male sex pheromones have been characterized and the neuroendocrine underpinnings of behavioral responsiveness to them is not understood. Herein, we describe a study that addresses this question using the goldfish,Carassius auratus, an important model species of how hormones drive behavior in egg-laying teleost fishes. Our study had four components. First, we examined behavioral responsiveness of female goldfish and found that when injected with prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α), a treatment that drives female sexual receptivity, and found that they became strongly and uniquely attracted to the odor of conspecific mature males, while non-PGF2α-treated goldfish did not discern males from females. Next, we characterized the complexity and specificity of the male pheromone by examining the responsiveness of PGF2α-treated females to the odor of either mature male conspecifics or male common carp odor, as well as their nonpolar and polar fractions. We found that the odor of male goldfish was more attractive than that of male common carp, and that its activity was attributable to both its nonpolar and polar fractions with the later conveying information on species-identity. Third, we hypothesized that androstenedione (AD), a 19-carbon sex steroid produced by all male fish might be the nonpolar fraction and tested whether PGF2α-treated goldfish were attracted to either AD alone or as part of a mixture in conspecific water. We found that while AD was inactive on its own, it became highly attractive when added to previously unattractive female conspecific water. Lastly, in a test of whether nonhormonal conspecific odor might determine species-specificity, we added AD to water of three species of fish and found that while AD made goldfish water strongly attractive, its effects on other species holding water were small. We conclude that circulating PGF2αproduced at the time of ovulation induces behavioral sensitivity to a male sex pheromone in female goldfish and that this male pheromone is comprised of AD and a mixture of body metabolites. Because PGF2αcommonly mediates ovulation and female sexual behavior in egg-laying fishes, and AD is universally produced by male fishes as a precursor to testosterone, we suggest that these two hormones may have similar roles mediating male–female behavior and communication in many species of fish.