PLANETARY CANDIDATES OBSERVED BY KEPLER. III. ANALYSIS OF THE FIRST 16 MONTHS OF DATA
PLANETARY CANDIDATES OBSERVED BY KEPLER. III. ANALYSIS OF THE FIRST 16 MONTHS OF DATA
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DOI：
10.1088/0067-0049/204/2/24
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Welsh, William F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Batalha, Natalie M.;Rowe, Jason F.;Welsh, William F.
新的凌日行星候选者是在开普勒太空船16个月（2009年5月至2010年9月）的数据中确定的。近5000个周期性的类似凌日的信号经过天体物理和仪器误报的审查，产生了1108个可行的新行星候选者，使总数超过2300个。采用改进的审查指标，有助于提高目录的可靠性。最值得注意的是噪声加权的强大的平均multiquarter的照片中心偏移来自差异图像分析，确定可能的背景食二进制。为确定每一候选人的特征，使用了22个月的光度测定。星历表（凌日，T-0和轨道周期，P）以及光变曲线建模的产品：约化半径（R-P / R-star），约化半长轴（d / R-star）和影响参数（B）。最大的分数增加出现在最小的行星候选者中（小于2 R的候选者为201%（圆圈加））。相比之下，大于2 R的候选人为53%。以及轨道周期较长的卫星（50天轨道以外的候选卫星为124%，50天轨道以内的候选卫星为86%）。观测窗口从13个月（1-5季度）增加到1 - 6个月（1-6季度），即使在参数空间的区域，人们会期望以前的目录是完整的，收益大于预期。基于先前星表的行星频率分析将受到这种不完整性的影响。在所有候选行星的宿主恒星中，有多颗候选行星的比例已经从17%增长到20%，在多个系统中短周期巨行星的缺乏仍然很明显。随着每一个新目录的发布，在更长的轨道周期内向更小的行星发展的过程表明，如果这样的行星确实很丰富的话，那么在可居住带中的地球大小的行星即将到来。
New transiting planet candidates are identified in 16 months (2009 May-2010 September) of data from the Kepler spacecraft. Nearly 5000 periodic transit-like signals are vetted against astrophysical and instrumental false positives yielding 1108 viable new planet candidates, bringing the total count up to over 2300. Improved vetting metrics are employed, contributing to higher catalog reliability. Most notable is the noise-weighted robust averaging of multiquarter photo-center offsets derived from difference image analysis that identifies likely background eclipsing binaries. Twenty-two months of photometry are used for the purpose of characterizing each of the candidates. Ephemerides (transit epoch, T-0, and orbital period, P) are tabulated as well as the products of light curve modeling: reduced radius (R-P / R-star), reduced semimajor axis (d / R-star), and impact parameter (b). The largest fractional increases are seen for the smallest planet candidates (201% for candidates smaller than 2R(circle plus). compared to 53% for candidates larger than 2R.) and those at longer orbital periods (124% for candidates outside of 50 day orbits versus 86% for candidates inside of 50 day orbits). The gains are larger than expected from increasing the observing window from 13 months (Quarters 1-5) to 16 months (Quarters 1-6) even in regions of parameter space where one would have expected the previous catalogs to be complete. Analyses of planet frequencies based on previous catalogs will be affected by such incompleteness. The fraction of all planet candidate host stars with multiple candidates has grown from 17% to 20%, and the paucity of short-period giant planets in multiple systems is still evident. The progression toward smaller planets at longer orbital periods with each new catalog release suggests that Earth-size planets in the habitable zone are forthcoming if, indeed, such planets are abundant.