Electrophysiological Correlates of a Versatile Executive Control System in the Monkey Anterior Cingulate Cortex.
Electrophysiological Correlates of a Versatile Executive Control System in the Monkey Anterior Cingulate Cortex.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhv004
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
T. Michelet;B. Bioulac;N. Langbour;M. Goillandeau;D. Guehl;P. Burbaud
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Michelet;B. Bioulac;N. Langbour;M. Goillandeau;D. Guehl;P. Burbaud
当一个主体面临冲突的情况下，决策变得不确定。人类的背侧前扣带皮层（dACC）已被反复牵连在这种情况下的监测，其神经活动被认为是参与行为调整。然而，这一假设主要是基于神经影像学的结果，并受到动物研究的挑战，未能报告任何神经元相关的冲突监测。这种差异被认为是由于方法或更基本的跨物种差异。在这项研究中，我们消除了方法上的偏差，并记录了猴子执行Stroop样任务时的单神经元活动。我们在不一致试验中发现了dACC活性的特定变化，但仅在一小部分细胞中。重要的是，这些变化与反应时间无关，并且在采取任何不正确的行动之前都不存在。更大比例的神经元在整个决策期间表现出持续的活动，而另一个亚群的神经元调制的反应时间，其放电率逐渐增加，在运动开始达到峰值。在这些亚群中发现的大多数神经元在传递外部负反馈刺激后表现出活动，这表明发生了错误。这些发现，这是一致的执行控制的作用，调和各种理论的前额叶皮层功能和支持人类和猴子的认知架构之间的同源性。
When a subject faces conflicting situations, decision-making becomes uncertain. The human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) has been repeatedly implicated in the monitoring of such situations, and its neural activity is thought to be involved in behavioral adjustment. However, this hypothesis is mainly based on neuroimaging results and is challenged by animal studies that failed to report any neuronal correlates of conflict monitoring. This discrepancy is thought be due either to methodological or more fundamental cross-species differences. In this study, we eliminated methodological biases and recorded single-neuron activity in monkeys performing a Stroop-like task. We found specific changes in dACC activity during incongruent trials but only in a small subpopulation of cells. Critically, these changes were not related to reaction time and were absent before any incorrect action was taken. A larger fraction of neurons exhibited sustained activity during the whole decision period, whereas another subpopulation of neurons was modulated by reaction time, with a gradual increase in their firing rate that peaked at movement onset. Most of the neurons found in these subpopulations exhibited activity after the delivery of an external negative feedback stimulus that indicated an error had been made. These findings, which are consistent with an executive control role, reconcile various theories of prefrontal cortex function and support the homology between human and monkey cognitive architectures.