Building Ethically Bounded AI
Building Ethically Bounded AI
复制标题
构建有道德约束的人工智能
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nicholas Mattei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Rossi;Nicholas Mattei
在可能出现意外情况的场景中部署的人工智能代理越多，它们就越需要灵活、适应性和创造性，以实现我们赋予它们的目标。因此，一定程度的自由选择实现目标的最佳路径是使人工智能足够强大和灵活的内在因素。然而，与此同时，人工智能在我们生活中的普遍部署，无论人工智能是自主的还是与人类合作的，都提出了一些伦理挑战。人工智能代理应该意识到并遵循适当的道德原则，因此应该表现出公平或其他美德等属性。这些伦理原则应该定义人工智能的自由和创造力的界限。然而，理解如何在AI代理中指定和推理道德边界，以及如何将它们与主观偏好和目标规范适当地联合收割机结合起来，仍然是一个挑战。一些最初的尝试采用数据驱动的基于示例的方法，或基于符号规则的方法。我们设想了一种模块化方法，任何人工智能技术都可以用于决策或决策支持系统中的任何这些基本成分，并与上下文方法相结合，以定义它们的组合和相对权重。在一个人类和人工智能系统都不是孤立工作的世界里，而是紧密相连的，例如，物联网，我们还设想了一种构建道德约束人工智能的组合方法，其中每个组件的道德属性可以被有效地利用，以获得整个系统的道德属性。在本文中，我们定义并激发了道德约束AI的概念，我们描述了两个具体的例子，并概述了一些突出的挑战。
The more AI agents are deployed in scenarios with possibly unexpected situations, the more they need to be flexible, adaptive, and creative in achieving the goal we have given them. Thus, a certain level of freedom to choose the best path to the goal is inherent in making AI robust and flexible enough. At the same time, however, the pervasive deployment of AI in our life, whether AI is autonomous or collaborating with humans, raises several ethical challenges. AI agents should be aware and follow appropriate ethical principles and should thus exhibit properties such as fairness or other virtues. These ethical principles should define the boundaries of AI’s freedom and creativity. However, it is still a challenge to understand how to specify and reason with ethical boundaries in AI agents and how to combine them appropriately with subjective preferences and goal specifications. Some initial attempts employ either a data-driven examplebased approach for both, or a symbolic rule-based approach for both. We envision a modular approach where any AI technique can be used for any of these essential ingredients in decision making or decision support systems, paired with a contextual approach to define their combination and relative weight. In a world where neither humans nor AI systems work in isolation, but are tightly interconnected, e.g., the Internet of Things, we also envision a compositional approach to building ethically bounded AI, where the ethical properties of each component can be fruitfully exploited to derive those of the overall system. In this paper we define and motivate the notion of ethically-bounded AI, we describe two concrete examples, and we outline some outstanding challenges.
影响因子：
22.7
作者：
Burton, Emanuelle;Goldsmith, Judy;Mattei, Nicholas
通讯作者：
Mattei, Nicholas