Oceanic Area Change and Contributing Factor of Jiaozhou Bay
Oceanic Area Change and Contributing Factor of Jiaozhou Bay
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
Ma Li-ji
中科院分区：
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作者：
Ma Li-ji
在前人研究成果的基础上，利用地形图、海图和遥感数据，提取了胶州湾1863、1935、1969、1987、2002和2012年6个不同时期的海岸线位置。计算了胶州湾在这五个时期的面积变化，并根据开发利用方式，绘制了胶州湾不同时期的海域面积变化图和不同开发利用类型的陆域面积分布图。结果表明，近150年来，胶州湾海域面积从1863年的578.5 km 2减少到2012年的343.09 km 2，减少了41%。近70年来，胶州湾海域面积急剧减少，减少速率分别为3.08、2.78、3.71和1.68 km 2/a。1863年以前胶州湾海域面积变化为129.2km2，完全受自然因素控制。1863 - 1935年间，胶州湾海域面积变化为15.1km ~ 2，自然因素是影响海域面积变化的主要因素。只有9.4%的面积变化是由于人类活动。1935 -1969年胶州湾海域面积变化为104.78km2，其中人类活动引起的面积变化占87%。1969-1987年胶州湾海域面积变化为49.99km ~ 2，其中人为活动引起的面积变化占89%。1987 ~ 2002年胶州湾海域面积变化为55.62km ~ 2，其中人类活动引起的面积变化占90%。2002 - 2012年间，胶州湾海域面积变化为16.76 km 2，其中99%的海域面积是由人类活动引起的。1935-2012年，93.89%的面积变化是由人类活动引起的，是主要的控制因素。1863 -2012年，围海造地等开发利用方式导致胶州湾面积增加。最大值出现在1987 - 2012年，最大面积为27.67 km 2。1987-2002年，土地复垦达到最大规模; 1935-1969年，盐田面积达到最大。这种开发和利用方式的影响是毁灭性的和不可逆转的。
Based on previous results, using the topographic map, nautical chart and remote sensing data, six different periods(1863, 1935, 1969, 1987, 2002 and 2012)coastline position of Jiaozhou Bay were extracted. Also, we calculated the area change of Jiaozhou Bay in these five periods and making chanegs of sea areas in differetn periods and land area distribution map of different development and utilization types according to the way of the development and utilization. It is showed that, in the past 150 years, oceanic area of Jiaozhou Bay decreased by 41% from 578.5 km2in 1863 to 343.09 km2in 2012. In past 70 years, oceanic area of Jiaozhou Bay reduces sharply, and the rates are 3.08 km2/a, 2.78 km2/a, 3.71 km2/a and 1.68 km2/a, respectively. Oceanic area change of Jiaozhou Bay is 129.2 km2and is controlled entirely by natural factor before 1863. Between 1863 and 1935, oceanic area change of Jiaozhou Bay is 15.1 km2, and the main factor of area change is natural factor. Only 9.4% of the area change is due to human activities. In1935-1969, oceanic area change of Jiaozhou Bay is 104.78 km2, and the area change caused by human activities is 87%. In 1969-1987, oceanic area change of Jiaozhou Bay is 49.99 km2, and the area change caused by human activities is 89%. Between 1987 and 2002, Oceanic area change of Jiaozhou Bay is 55.62 km2, the area change due to human activities is 90%. Between 2002 and 2012, oceanic area change of Jiaozhou Bay is 16.76 km2, and 99% of the area are caused by human activities. In 1935-2012, 93.89% of area change is caused by human activities, which is the main controlling factor. The way of development and utilization, such as sea reclamation, result in the area of Jiaozhou Bay increase in1863-2012. The maximum appears in 1987 to 2012 and the maximal area is 27.67 km2. In 1987-2002, land reclamation reaches the maximum scale; in 1935-1969, area of saltern achieves the largest. The impact of this way of development and utilization is devastating and irreversible.