Pure Politics Revisited
Pure Politics Revisited
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重温纯粹政治
DOI：
10.1111/j.1477-7053.1980.tb00287.x
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Bertrand de Jouvenel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertrand de Jouvenel
自从二十年前我开始思考我所谓的“纯粹政治”的含义以来，很遗憾，它变得更加直接。这是因为我当时强调的一点：一个专门的活动家团体的有效性。虽然人数不多，但这一群体的强烈意愿使其具有强大的力量。它就像一个炮弹，可以轻易地穿透社会的柔软身体。它是不可预见事件的发生者，并将戏剧性事件推上政治舞台。在我的《纪念》（1955年）一书中，我对比了两幅我们从小就熟悉的图画：波拿巴在阿科拉桥上，圣刘易斯在万森纳橡树下。第一个站得笔直，号召他的人冲锋;另一个坐着，安详，欢迎向他涌来的各种原告，并让他们满意地离开。在这幅双联画的一边，我们看到一位领导者在高举旗帜，而在另一边，我们看到一位裁判在纠正和调解--他既是动力的推动者，也是平衡的推动者。波拿巴指向一个方向，而桥的狭窄是单向狭窄轨道的象征，准确的意图。与此相反，橡树是一个圆周的中心，原告或求婚者可以从每一个点接近，所以国王的注意力从四面八方被吸引过来：他需要阿耳戈斯的眼睛。
SINCE FIRST I BEGAN TO THINK ABOUT THE SUBJECT OF WHAT I called ‘pure politics’ twenty years ago, it has, sad to say, become more immediate. This is because of something I emphasized at the time: the effectiveness of a dedicated group of activists. Although few in number, the group's intensity of will gives it a formidable strength. It is like a projectile which can easily penetrate the soft body of society. It is the generator of the unforeseen, and ushers drama on to the political stage. In my book De la Souveraineté (1955), I contrasted two pictures familiar to us since childhood: Bonaparte on the bridge at Arcola and Saint Louis under the oak tree at Vincennes. The first is standing erect, calling on his men to charge; the other is seated, serene, welcoming the various plaintiffs who press towards him and sending them away content. On one side of the diptych we see a leader who exalts, and on the other side an umpire who corrects and conciliates – an agent of momentum and an agent of equilibrium. Bonaparte points to a direction and the narrowness of the bridge is a symbol of the one-way narrow track, the precise intention. In contrast, the oak tree is the centre of a circumference, from every point of which the plaintiffs or suitors could approach, so that the king's attention was called from all sides: he needed the eyes of Argus.