Cardiac and Gastric Interoceptive Awareness Have Distinct Neural Substrates
Cardiac and Gastric Interoceptive Awareness Have Distinct Neural Substrates
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DOI：
10.1523/eneuro.0157-22.2023
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Yusuke Haruki;K. Ogawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yusuke Haruki;K. Ogawa
内感受性意识是一种对身体内部状态的感知，通过提供心率和能量状态等身体信号的持续信息来指导适应性行为。然而，目前尚不清楚不同身体器官的内感受性意识是如何在人脑中表现出来的。因此，我们直接比较了在同一人群（健康人群，N = 31）中，注意心脏（与心跳相关）和胃（与胃相关）感觉（产生心脏和胃内感受性意识）时伴随的神经激活。参与者被要求将注意力转向心脏和胃的感觉，并在磁共振成像（MRI）扫描仪中意识到它们。结果表明，胃注意的神经激活涉及更大的脑区，包括枕颞叶视觉皮质、双侧初级运动皮质、初级体感皮质、左眶额皮质和海马区。然而，与胃注意相比，心脏注意选择性地激活了延伸至额盖的右前岛。此外，我们对与内感受性意识最相关的脑岛进行了详细的分析，发现左背中岛通过不同的激活模式编码心脏和胃的注意，而后岛则没有。我们的研究结果表明，心脏和胃的注意力引起不同的大脑激活模式；特别是，选择性激活可能反映了心脏和胃内感受性意识的功能作用的差异。
Abstract Interoceptive awareness, an awareness of the internal body state, guides adaptive behavior by providing ongoing information on body signals, such as heart rate and energy status. However, it is still unclear how interoceptive awareness of different body organs are represented in the human brain. Hence, we directly compared the neural activations accompanying attention to cardiac (related to heartbeat) and gastric (related to stomach) sensations, which generate cardiac and gastric interoceptive awareness, in the same population (healthy humans, N = 31). Participants were asked to direct their attention toward heart and stomach sensations and become aware of them in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. The results indicated that the neural activations underlying gastric attention encompassed larger brain regions, including the occipitotemporal visual cortices, bilateral primary motor cortices, primary somatosensory cortex, left orbitofrontal cortex, and hippocampal regions. Cardiac attention, however, selectively activated the right anterior insula extending to the frontal operculum compared with gastric attention. Moreover, our detailed analyses focusing on the insula, the most relevant region for interoceptive awareness, revealed that the left dorsal middle insula encoded cardiac and gastric attention via different activation patterns, but the posterior insula did not. Our results demonstrate that cardiac and gastric attention evoke different brain activation patterns; in particular, the selective activation may reflect differences in the functional roles of cardiac and gastric interoceptive awareness.