The Syntax of Adjectives: A Comparative Study
The Syntax of Adjectives: A Comparative Study
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形容词的语法：比较研究
DOI：
10.7551/mitpress/9780262014168.001.0001
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
G. Cinque
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Cinque
古列尔莫·辛克（Guglielmo Cinque）在《形容词的起源》（The Wastewater of Adjectives）一书中提出了形容词有两个来源的跨语言证据。辛克反对标准观点，并重新考虑了他自己早期的分析，他认为形容词进入名词性阶段要么是作为名词的“状语”修饰语，要么是作为缩减关系从句的谓语。他的一些证据来自于罗曼语和日耳曼语之间的系统比较。这两个语系的不同之处在于形容词所处的规范位置，日耳曼语中的形容词位于名词前，而罗曼语中的形容词位于名词前和名词后。Cinque指出，一个简单的N（oun）-提升分析遇到了一些问题，其中最主要的一个是它无法表达一个基本的概括，在这两个语言家庭的前和后名词性形容词的解释。Cinque认为，应该放弃N提升，而支持XP提升--这一结论也得到了其他语言家族的证据的支持。在发展了这个分析形容词句法的框架之后，Cinque将其应用于英语和意大利语形容词的句法。附录提供了对其他语言的简要讨论，这些语言似乎明显区分了形容词的两个来源。
In The Syntax of Adjectives, Guglielmo Cinque offers cross-linguistic evidence that adjectives have two sources. Arguing against the standard view, and reconsidering his own earlier analysis, Cinque proposes that adjectives enter the nominal phase either as "adverbial" modifiers to the noun or as predicates of reduced relative clauses. Some of his evidence comes from a systematic comparison between Romance and Germanic languages. These two language families differ with respect to the canonical position taken by adjectives, which is prenominal in Germanic and both pre- and postnominal in Romance. Cinque shows that a simple N(oun)-raising analysis encounters a number of problems, the primary one of which is its inability to express a fundamental generalization governing the interpretation of pre- and postnominal adjectives in the two language families. Cinque argues that N-raising as such should be abandoned in favor of XP-raising--a conclusion also supported by evidence from other language families. After developing this framework for analyzing the syntax of adjectives, Cinque applies it to the syntax of English and Italian adjectives. An appendix offers a brief discussion of other languages that appear to distinguish overtly between the two sources of adjectives.