The expansion of agriculture has shaped the recent evolutionary history of a specialized squash pollinator.
The expansion of agriculture has shaped the recent evolutionary history of a specialized squash pollinator.
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农业的扩大塑造了专业南瓜传粉媒介的最近进化史。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2208116120
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发表时间：
2023-04-11
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Lopez-Uribe, Margarita M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pope, Nathaniel S.;Singh, Avehi;Childers, Anna K.;Kapheim, Karen M.;Evans, Jay D.;Lopez-Uribe, Margarita M.
自然环境向农业环境的转变导致现有生态条件的戏剧性改变，有一些经过充分研究的作物害虫迅速进化到填补新的农业生态位。然而，农业集约化对野生昆虫传粉者进化的影响程度尚不清楚，尽管这些互助者对全球粮食供应和植物种群的持续存在非常重要。这项研究表明，北美历史上的人类农业对一种野生南瓜专门化蜜蜂的近期进化史产生了深远的影响，这种蜜蜂是葫芦科作物的基本传粉者。这为农业作为进化力量作用于野生昆虫传粉者提供了一个明确的例子。农业的扩张导致生物多样性的自然环境大规模转变为由少数遗传同质作物物种主导的可管理的农业生态系统。农业生态系统的非生物和生态条件通常与它们所取代的有很大不同，并为那些能够利用农作物提供的丰富资源的物种创造了潜在的生态位。虽然有一些经过充分研究的作物害虫已经适应了新的农业生态位，但农业集约化对授粉者等作物互惠生物进化的影响却知之甚少。我们结合了来自基因组数据的系谱推断和考古记录，证明了南瓜、南瓜和葫芦类野生授粉者的全新世人口历史受到了北美农业扩张历史的深刻影响。在过去1000年里，在农业集约化的地区，南瓜蜂的种群经历了快速增长，这表明北美南瓜的种植增加了这些蜜蜂可用的花卉资源量。此外，我们发现，大约20%的这种蜜蜂物种的基因组显示出最近选择性扫描的特征。这些特征绝大多数集中在北美东部的种群中，历史上，由于人类种植西葫芦，南瓜蜜蜂能够在新的环境中定居，现在只生活在农业生态位中。这些结果表明，农作物的广泛种植可以通过农业环境施加的不同生态条件促进野生传粉者的适应。
The conversion of natural to agricultural environments results in a dramatic modification of existing ecological conditions, and there are well-studied examples of crop pests that have rapidly evolved to fill novel agricultural niches. However, the degree to which agricultural intensification influences the evolution of wild insect pollinators is unknown, despite the importance of these mutualists to the global food supply and the persistence of plant populations. This study demonstrates that historical human agriculture in North America has had a profound impact on the recent evolutionary history of a wild, squash-specialized bee that is an essential pollinator of cucurbit crops. This provides a clear example of the role of agriculture as an evolutionary force acting on wild insect pollinators. The expansion of agriculture is responsible for the mass conversion of biologically diverse natural environments into managed agroecosystems dominated by a handful of genetically homogeneous crop species. Agricultural ecosystems typically have very different abiotic and ecological conditions from those they replaced and create potential niches for those species that are able to exploit the abundant resources offered by crop plants. While there are well-studied examples of crop pests that have adapted into novel agricultural niches, the impact of agricultural intensification on the evolution of crop mutualists such as pollinators is poorly understood. We combined genealogical inference from genomic data with archaeological records to demonstrate that the Holocene demographic history of a wild specialist pollinator of Cucurbita (pumpkins, squashes, and gourds) has been profoundly impacted by the history of agricultural expansion in North America. Populations of the squash bee Eucera pruinosa experienced rapid growth in areas where agriculture intensified within the past 1,000 y, suggesting that the cultivation of Cucurbita in North America has increased the amount of floral resources available to these bees. In addition, we found that roughly 20% of this bee species’ genome shows signatures of recent selective sweeps. These signatures are overwhelmingly concentrated in populations from eastern North America where squash bees were historically able to colonize novel environments due to human cultivation of Cucurbita pepo and now exclusively inhabit agricultural niches. These results suggest that the widespread cultivation of crops can prompt adaptation in wild pollinators through the distinct ecological conditions imposed by agricultural environments.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Armstrong J;Hickey G;Diekhans M;Fiddes IT;Novak AM;Deran A;Fang Q;Xie D;Feng S;Stiller J;Genereux D;Johnson J;Marinescu VD;Alföldi J;Harris RS;Lindblad-Toh K;Haussler D;Karlsson E;Jarvis ED;Zhang G;Paten B
通讯作者：
Paten B
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Garibaldi, Lucas A.;Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf;Klein, Alexandra M.
通讯作者：
Klein, Alexandra M.
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Cingolani, Pablo;Platts, Adrian;Ruden, Douglas M.
通讯作者：
Ruden, Douglas M.
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Catanzaro, D;Pesenti, R;Milinkovitch, MC
通讯作者：
Milinkovitch, MC
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bushnell B;Rood J;Singer E
通讯作者：
Singer E