Genetic Diversity, Cytology, and Systematic and Phylogenetic Studies in Zingiberaceae
Genetic Diversity, Cytology, and Systematic and Phylogenetic Studies in Zingiberaceae
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
S. A. Jatoi;A. Kikuchi;Kazuo N. Watanabe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. A. Jatoi;A. Kikuchi;Kazuo N. Watanabe
姜科植物是植物界最大的科之一，是热带雨林和季风林（主要分布在亚洲）灌木丛的主要贡献者。也是最常用的生姜，其中以良姜属、砂仁属、姜黄属、生姜属为主，其次是苋属、山柰属、姜属、姜属、姜属、花姜属等。大多数物种都是根茎，它们的繁殖通常通过根茎进行。分子系统学的出现帮助并加速了姜科的系统发育研究，这反过来又导致了对该科进行新分类的提议。一些物种的花和生殖生物学仍然知之甚少，只有少数研究考察了育种系统和授粉机制。染色体的多倍体、非整倍体和结构变化在姜科的进化中发挥了重要作用。然而，只有少数物种的基本染色体数、配子染色体数和二倍体染色体数等信息已知。在这篇综述中，我们强调需要集中精力解决鲜为人知的领域，并进行系统发育研究，以就科中属和种的数量达成共识；调查该科成员的授粉生物学和育种系统；进行细胞学研究，以获得有关不同物种的基本染色体、配子染色体和体细胞染色体数以及倍性水平的可靠信息；进行遗传多样性研究，以确定姜科现有遗传资源的遗传基础。
Members of the Zingiberaceae, one of the largest families of the plant kingdom, are major contributors to the undergrowth of the tropical rain and monsoon forests, mostly in Asia. They are also the most commonly used gingers, of which the genera Alpinia, Amomum, Curcuma, and Zingiber, followed by Boesenbergia, Kaempferia, Elettaria, Elettariopsis, Etlingera, and Hedychium are the most important. Most species are rhizomatous, and their propagation often occurs through rhizomes. The advent of molecular systematics has aided and accelerated phylogenetic studies in Zingiberaceae, which in turn have led to the proposal of a new classification for this family. The floral and reproductive biology of several species remain poorly understood, and only a few studies have examined the breeding systems and pollination mechanisms. Polyploidy, aneuploidy, and structural changes in chromosomes have played an important role in the evolution of the Zingiberaceae. However, information such as the basic, gametic, and diploid chromosome number is known for only a few species. In this review we highlighted the need to undertake concentrated efforts to address poorly known areas and perform phylogenetic studies to achieve a consensus on the number of genera and species in the family; investigate the pollination biology and breeding system in members of this family; conduct cytological studies to acquire reliable information regarding basic, gametic, and somatic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels in different species; and perform genetic diversity studies to determine the genetic base of the existing genetic resources in the Zingiberaceae.