The State of aging and health in America 2007
The State of aging and health in America 2007
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DOI：
10.2217/1745509x.3.2.139
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发表时间：
2007-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Jeannotte;M. Moore
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Jeannotte;M. Moore
《老龄化与健康状况》报告由五个部分组成。报告的第一部分，美国老年人的健康，提供的数据说明了过去二十年来美国老年人健康的几个重要指标发生的变化。五项关键指标显示了预期寿命、死亡率、慢性病、残疾和自我评估健康状况的趋势。第二和第三部分介绍了国家和各州关于健康老龄化的报告卡。报告卡包括10个指标，分为三组：·健康行为·预防保健和癌症筛查·跌倒相关的死亡和伤害报告卡根据《2000年健康人》中为老年人口设定的目标对国家和各州进行评级，这是一项通过建立健康目标和衡量进展来改善健康的国家努力（见附录，表5）。报告卡使用“通过”或“失败”分级系统，根据国家和州是否达到或未能达到目标。报告的第四部分“心理健康与老龄化”介绍了老年人心理疾病治疗方面的挑战。这一部分的重点是晚年抑郁症的治疗，因为大多数关于精神卫生服务和精神障碍管理的研究都与抑郁症有关。第五部分，培训卫生保健劳动力-现在和未来，重点是美国老年人的卫生保健需求和卫生专业人员谁照顾他们的知识之间日益扩大的差距。美国65岁以上的人口预计将从2000年的3 500万增加到2030年的7 000万。届时，五分之一的美国人将年满65岁或以上。美国老年学会的一个研究所正在发布这份报告，以评估美国老年人的健康状况，并提出改善美国老年人未来身心健康的建议。最新的数据显示，美国人虽然寿命更长，但在老年时期并不一定生活得更健康。自1990年以来，健康预期寿命（65岁以后的健康年数）一直保持在12岁左右，低于《2000年健康人》为2000年设定的14岁的目标。好消息是，目前寿命与健康寿命之间的差距可以缩小，主要责任在于老年人。70%的身体衰退与衰老有关。
The State of Aging and Health report consists of five sections. The first section of the report, The Health of Older Americans, presents data that illustrate changes that have taken place during the past two decades in several important measures of older Americans' health. Five key measures show trends in life expectancy, death rates, chronic disease, disability, and self-rated health status. The second and third sections present the national and state-by-state Report Card on Healthy Aging. The Report Card includes 10 indicators divided into three groups: • Health Behaviors • Preventive Care and Cancer Screening • Fall-Related Deaths and Injuries The Report Card grades the nation and the states based on targets set for the older population in Healthy People 2000, a national effort to improve health by establishing health targets and measuring progress (see Appendix, Table 5). The Report Card uses a " Pass " or " Fail " grading system based on whether the nation and states met, or failed to meet, a target. The fourth section of the report, Mental Health and Aging, presents challenges in treating mental illness among the elderly. The section focuses on the treatment of depression in later life, because most research on mental health services and the management of mental disorders relates to depressive disorders. The fifth section, Training the Health Care Workforce—Present and Future, focuses on the growing gap between older Americans' health care needs and the knowledge of health professionals who care for them. Executive Summary I The United States population over age 65 is projected to grow from 35 million in 2000 to 70 million in 2030. At that time, one in five Americans will be age 65 or older. institute of The Gerontological Society of America, are releasing this report to assess the health status of older Americans and make recommendations to improve older Americans' future physical and mental well-being. The most current data show that Americans, though living longer, are not necessarily living in better health during their senior years. Since 1990, healthy life expectancy (the number of healthy years after age 65) has remained at about 12 years—below the Healthy People 2000 target of 14 years for 2000. The good news is that the current gap between life span and healthy life span can be narrowed, and the primary responsibility rests with older adults. Seventy percent of the physical decline that occurs with aging is related …