Tanana River valley archaeology circa 14,000 to 9000 B.P.
Tanana River valley archaeology circa 14,000 to 9000 B.P.
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塔纳纳河谷考古大约距今 14,000 至 9000 年
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发表时间：
2001
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通讯作者：
C. Holmes
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作者：
C. Holmes
早期塔纳纳河谷遗址分为两大时期。最早的石器组合距今 14,000 至 13,000 年，位于希利湖（Chindadn 复杂）和天鹅角（东白令海峡传统），其特点是存在微型刀片和刻刀技术，让人想起 Dyuktai 文化；然而，破碎猛犸象（4区）和米德遗址的最早的组合缺乏这项技术的证据。所有这些早期组合都被纳入一个称为白令海峡时期的时期，当时阿拉斯加和西伯利亚之间存在陆地连接。距今约 13,000 至 9500 年校准的组合也表现出类似的模式。 （过渡时期），即希利湖、天鹅角和盖斯特尔河拥有分配给德纳里综合体的微刀片和刻刀技术，而破碎猛犸象（第 3 区）和米德则没有。恢复的动物群（例如麋鹿、野牛、小型哺乳动物和鸟类）在这两个时期都显示出基础广泛的经济策略。样本量、季节性和特定地点的活动被探索作为这些石器组合之间差异的可能解释。
The early Tanana River valley sites are divided into two broad periods. The earliest lithic assemblages, 14,000 to 13,000 calibrated years B.P., at Healy Lake (Chindadn complex) and Swan Point (East Beringian tradition) are distinguished by the presence of microblade and burin technology reminiscent of Dyuktai culture; whereas, the earliest assemblages at Broken Mammoth (Zone 4) and the Mead site lack evidence for this technology. All of these early assemblages are incorporated into an interval called the Beringian Period, at which time a land connection existed between Alaska and Siberia. A similar pattern is exhibited for assemblages dating between about 13,000 and 9500 calibrated years B.P. (the Transitional Period), i.e., Healy Lake, Swan Point, and Gerstle River have microblade and burin technology assigned to the Denali complex, while Broken Mammoth (Zone 3) and Mead do not. Recovered fauna (e.g., elk, bison, small mammals, and birds) show a broad-based economic strategy during both periods. Sample size, seasonality, and site specific activities are explored as possible explanations for the differences among these lithic assemblages.