Capability development of local communities for project sustainability in afforestation/reforestation clean development mechanism
Capability development of local communities for project sustainability in afforestation/reforestation clean development mechanism
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DOI：
10.1007/s11027-011-9334-6
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发表时间：
2012-04
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
M. Yamanoshita;M. Amano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Yamanoshita;M. Amano
人们已经认识到，当地社区的参与对于确保A/R CDM（造林/再造林清洁发展机制）项目的可持续性至关重要。本研究验证了在越南注册的小规模A/R CDM项目中是否处理了非永久性和渗漏风险。讲习班、访谈和对当地村民的问卷调查表明，该项目造成了放牧、薪材采集和轮垦等常规活动的土地短缺，因此造成了项目非永久性和渗漏的风险。为了减少非永久性的风险，建议社区所有利益相关者在现有土地使用权之外参与A/R CDM项目，并根据对项目的贡献水平充分分享碳惠益。为确保参与，社区应具备建立共识和集体行动等能力。如果社区在项目开始前有替代传统活动的措施，泄漏将减少到最低程度。我们认为，有必要首先发展一个社区的能力，在准备阶段的任何A/R CDM项目，以减少风险的项目可持续性，并为此目的，需要新的资金来源。
It has been recognized that the involvement of local community is essential to ensure the sustainability of A/R CDM (afforestation/reforestation clean development mechanism) project. This study verifies if the risks of non-permanence and leakage are addressed in a registered small scale A/R CDM project in Vietnam. Workshops, interviews, and a questionnaire survey of local villagers revealed that the project has caused a shortage of land for conventional activities such as grazing, fuel wood collection and shifting cultivation, and consequently posed the risks of project non-permanence and leakage. It is suggested that participation of all stakeholders in the community to the A/R CDM project beyond existing land tenure and adequate carbon benefit sharing according to the level of contribution to the project are required to reduce the risk of non permanence. To ensure the participation, the community should have capability such as consensus building and collective action. Leakage would be minimized if the community has alternative measures to the conventional activities before starting the project. We argue that it is necessary to first develop a community’s capabilities in the readiness phase of any A/R CDM project in order to reduce the risks for the project sustainability, and that new sources of funding are needed for this purpose.