Geographical distribution of soil transmitted helminths and the effects of community type in South Asia and South East Asia - A systematic review.
Geographical distribution of soil transmitted helminths and the effects of community type in South Asia and South East Asia - A systematic review.
复制标题
土壤传播的蠕虫的地理分布以及南亚和东南亚的社区类型的影响 - 系统评价。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0006153
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发表时间：
2018-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ajjampur SSR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silver ZA;Kaliappan SP;Samuel P;Venugopal S;Kang G;Sarkar R;Ajjampur SSR
土壤传播蠕虫(STH)感染是世界上最流行的被忽视的热带病(NTD)之一。自世卫组织2012年发布防治非传染性疾病路线图以来，人们再次承诺控制性传播感染。本研究分析了南亚和东南亚地区钩虫、鞭虫和蛔虫流行的地理分布和群落类型对流行的影响。我们对发表在PubMed Central和全球蠕虫感染地图集上的开放获取文献进行了系统的回顾。总共有4182篇文章，在应用选择标准后，保留了来自该地区的174项研究以供分析。蛔虫是最常见的性传播感染，总患病率为18%(95%CI，14-23%)，其次是鞭虫(14%，9-19%)和钩虫(12%，9-15%)。钩虫在老挝、越南和柬埔寨的流行程度最高。我们发现鞭虫和蛔虫高流行率的国家(马来西亚、菲律宾、缅甸、越南和孟加拉国)存在地理重叠。当检查社区类型的影响时，钩虫的患病率在农村(19%，14-24%)和部落社区(14%，1019%)相当。然而，部落社区的鞭虫感染率(38%，18-63%)和蛔虫感染率(32%，23%-43%)高于农村社区(分别为13%，920%和14%，920%)。还注意到国家之间和国家内部在性传播疾病分布上的相当大的异质性(I2>；90%)。分析学龄儿童资料，蛔虫(25%，16-31%)和鞭虫(22%，14-34%)的患病率高于一般人群，钩虫(10%，7-16%)的患病率与一般人群相当。我们的分析显示，该区域各国之间和国家内部的流行率存在显著差异。强调社区类型在流行率和物种组合中的重要性，我们表明部落和农村社区的钩虫感染高于城市社区，对于蛔虫病和鞭虫病，部落人口的感染水平高于农村人口。我们还发现，与普通人群相比，SAC人群蛔虫病和鞭虫病的患病率更高，但钩虫感染水平相当。在规划未来的MDA和其他干预措施时，需要考虑这些关键发现。土壤传播的蠕虫感染(钩虫、鞭虫和蛔虫)在南亚和东南亚非常普遍，最近发起了几项重大倡议来控制或阻断传播。我们对STH感染进行了系统的审查，以确定南亚和东南亚哪些社区将从干预计划中受益最大。我们的分析表明，蛔虫是该地区最流行的性传播疾病，但该地区存在相当大的地理差异。我们发现，与城市人口相比，这些国家的部落和农村社区的STH患病率更高。我们还发现，与普通人群相比，学龄儿童蛔虫和鞭虫的患病率更高，但钩虫感染水平相当。这些关键发现对于未来制定控制STH的干预策略具有重要意义。
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are among the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases (NTD) worldwide. Since the publication of the WHO road map to combat NTD in 2012, there has been a renewed commitment to control STH. In this study, we analysed the geographical distribution and effect of community type on prevalence of hookworm, Trichuris and Ascaris in south Asia and south east Asia. We conducted a systematic review of open-access literature published in PubMed Central and the Global Atlas of Helminth Infection. A total of 4182 articles were available and after applying selection criteria, 174 studies from the region were retained for analysis. Ascaris was the commonest STH identified with an overall prevalence of 18% (95% CI, 14–23%) followed by Trichuris (14%, 9–19%) and hookworm (12%, 9–15%). Hookworm prevalence was highest in Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia. We found a geographical overlap in countries with high prevalence rates for Trichuris and Ascaris (Malaysia, Philippines, Myanmar, Vietnam and Bangladesh). When the effect of community type was examined, prevalence rates of hookworm was comparable in rural (19%, 14–24%) and tribal communities (14%, 10–19%). Tribal communities, however, showed higher prevalence of Trichuris (38%, 18–63%) and Ascaris (32%, 23–43%) than rural communities (13%, 9–20% and 14%, 9–20% respectively). Considerable between and within country heterogeneity in the distribution of STH (I2 >90%) was also noted. When available data from school aged children (SAC) were analysed, prevalence of Ascaris (25% 16–31%) and Trichuris (22%, 14–34%) were higher than among the general population while that of hookworm (10%, 7–16%) was comparable. Our analysis showed significant variation in prevalence rates between and within countries in the region. Highlighting the importance of community type in prevalence and species mix, we showed that tribal and rural communities had higher hookworm infections than urban communities and for ascariasis and trichuriasis, tribal populations had higher levels of infection than rural populations. We also found a higher prevalence of ascariasis and trichuriasis in SAC compared to the general population but comparable levels of hookworm infections. These key findings need to be taken into account in planning future MDA and other interventions. Soil transmitted helminth infections (hookworms, Trichuris and Ascaris) are highly prevalent across south Asia and south east Asia and recently several large initiatives have been launched to control or interrupt transmission. We conducted a systematic review of STH infections to identify the communities in south Asia and south east Asia that will benefit the most from intervention programs. Our analysis showed that Ascaris is the most prevalent STH in the region but there was considerable geographic variation in the region. We found that tribal and rural communities in these countries had higher prevalence of STH compared to urban populations. We also found a higher prevalence of Ascaris and Trichuris in school aged children compared to the general population but comparable levels of hookworm infections. These key findings are important for future planning of intervention strategies for control of STH.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Appleton, CC;Maurihungirire, M;Gouws, E
通讯作者：
Gouws, E
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Alexander, Neal;Cundill, Bonnie;Brooker, Simon
通讯作者：
Brooker, Simon
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Belizario, Vicente Y., Jr.;Totanes, Francis Isidore G.;Ciro, Raezelle Nadine T.
通讯作者：
Ciro, Raezelle Nadine T.
DOI：
10.1080/00034983.1996.11813042
发表时间：
1996-04-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Appleton, CC;Gouws, E
通讯作者：
Gouws, E