Thermal treatment of Cs-exchanged chabazite by hot isostatic pressing to support decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.

Thermal treatment of Cs-exchanged chabazite by hot isostatic pressing to support decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
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通过热等静压对铯交换菱沸石进行热处理,以支持福岛第一核电站的退役。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125250
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Gardner LJ
Gardner LJ
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gardner LJ

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离子交换材料被广泛用于在核许可场所、在正常操作程序、退役和事故清理(例如福岛第一核电站正在进行的恢复操作)期间从污染水中去除放射性核素。骨架硅酸盐无机离子交换材料,如菱沸石((Na0.14K1.03Ca1.00Mg0.17)[Al3.36Si8.53O24]·9.7H2O),对137 Cs吸收显示出特定的选择性,但它们的安全储存带来了许多挑战,需要调节成最小体积的被动安全废物包装。我们证明了转换的铯交换菱沸石成玻璃陶瓷废物通过热等静压产生一个持久的巩固整料。加热和加压会导致菱沸石骨架坍塌,形成晶体Cs取代的白榴石(Cs0.15(3)K0.57(4)Al0.90(4)Si2.24(5)O 6),并结合在K2 O-CaO-MgO-Al 2 O3-SiO2玻璃中。Cs优先分配到Cs/钾长石中,其中包含约77%的Cs2 O库存。对玻璃陶瓷废物的化学耐久性的分析表明,铯的释放速率与玻璃化高放废物和中放废物的释放速率相当或低于所报告的释放速率。总体而言,热等静压被证明是一种有效的处理技术,通过产生耐用和被动安全的废物形式来调节废无机离子交换材料。
Ion exchange materials are used widely for the removal of radionuclides from contaminated water at nuclear licensed sites, during normal operating procedures, decommissioning and in accident clean-up, such as the ongoing recovery operation at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Framework silicate inorganic ion exchange materials, such as chabazite ((Na0.14K1.03Ca1.00Mg0.17)[Al3.36Si8.53O24]•9.7H2O), have shown particular selectivity towards137Cs uptake, but their safe storage poses a number challenges requiring conditioning into passively safe waste packages of minimal volume. We demonstrate the transformation of Cs-exchanged chabazite into a glass-ceramic wasteform by hot isostatic pressing to produce a durable consolidated monolith. The application of heat and pressure resulted in the collapse of the chabazite framework, forming crystalline Cs-substituted leucite (Cs0.15(3)K0.57(4)Al0.90(4)Si2.24(5)O6) incorporated within a K2O-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2glass. The Cs partitioned preferentially into the Cs/K-feldspar which incorporated ~77% of the Cs2O inventory. Analysis of the chemical durability of the glass-ceramic wasteform revealed that the Cs release rates were comparable or lower than those reported for vitrified high level and intermediate level wastes. Overall, hot isostatic pressing was demonstrated to be an effective processing technology for conditioning spent inorganic ion exchange materials by yielding durable and passively safe wasteforms.
高活性放射性废物的容器内玻璃化产品的多废物流的表征和可处置性评估。
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