Review of 239Pu and 226Ra effects in beagles.
Review of 239Pu and 226Ra effects in beagles.
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回顾 239Pu 和 226Ra 对比格犬的影响。
DOI：
10.1097/00004032-200112000-00020
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Jee,WS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lloyd,RD;Taylor,GN;Miller,SC;Bruenger,FW;Jee,WS
已经完成了一项长期生物学研究，旨在通过比较比格犬体内的226 Ra，评估体内沉积的239 Pu对人体的预期影响。在这里，我们总结了几个以前的报告，这两种放射性核素在我们的比格犬的影响，试图阐明什么已经学到的，因为在20世纪50年代初的研究开始的第一次结果。也许最重要的发现是，在相同的平均骨骼辐射剂量下（239 Pu < 3戈伊，226 Ra < 20戈伊），单次静脉注射单体239 Pu，骨表面导向的钚比骨体积导向的镭对骨骼恶性肿瘤的诱导毒性更大，约为16倍。此外，辅助研究表明，当钚从吞噬细胞中的微粒239 Pu库连续转移到骨表面时，其每戈伊平均骨骼剂量的相对毒性增加约2倍。对于相同的平均骨骼剂量，幼年动物或成年犬注射的敏感性仅为年轻成年犬注射的敏感性的一半。雄性和雌性狗对任何一种放射性核素的骨骼辐射的敏感性大致相同。有关辐射引起的骨折的调查结果进行了总结，以及数据的诱导软组织恶性肿瘤的239钚或226镭。与未给予放射性的对照犬相比，在226 Ra或239 Pu的较低剂量水平下，自然存活率未受影响，但在较高剂量水平下动物的存活率降低。对低剂量水平数据的分析表明，除了发生辐射诱发的恶性肿瘤或其他辐射诱发效应之外，没有其他缩短寿命的效应。
A long term biological study has been completed that was designed to assess the predicted effects in humans of internally deposited 239 Pu by comparison with 226 Ra in beagles. Herein we summarize for the first time results of several previous reports about the effects of these two radionuclides in our beagles in an attempt to elucidate what has been learned since the beginning of the study in the early 1950’s. Perhaps the most important finding was that bone surface-seeking plutonium is more toxic at equal mean skeletal radiation doses (< 3 Gy for 239 Pu,< 20 Gy for 226 Ra) than bone volume-seeking radium for the induction of skeletal malignancy by about a factor of 16 for a single intravenous injection of monomeric 239 Pu. In addition, ancillary studies have shown that when plutonium transfers continuously onto bone surfaces from a depot of particulate 239 Pu in phagocytic cells, its relative toxicity per Gy average skeletal dose is enhanced by about a factor of 2. Juvenile animals or dogs injected as mature adults were only about half as sensitive for equal mean skeletal doses as dogs injected as young adults. Male and female dogs were about equally sensitive to radiation of the skeleton by either radionuclide. Findings about radiation-induced fractures are summarized as well as data on the induction of soft-tissue malignancies by 239 Pu or 226 Ra. Natural survival was not affected at the lower dosage levels of either 226 Ra or 239 Pu as compared with control dogs given no radioactivity, but the survival of animals at higher levels was reduced. No additional life-shortening effects beyond those attributable to occurrence of radiation-induced malignancies or other radiation-induced effects were suggested by analysis of data for low dosage levels.