Nouns and verbs in the brain: Grammatical class and task specific effects as revealed by fMRI
Nouns and verbs in the brain: Grammatical class and task specific effects as revealed by fMRI
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DOI：
10.1080/02643290701674943
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Paulesu, Eraldo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berlingeri, Manuela;Crepaldi, Davide;Paulesu, Eraldo
用于研究名词和动词处理的神经关联的各种技术和任务导致了一系列不一致的证据。我们进行了功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 实验，以检测跨任务泛化的语法类别效应。共有 12 名参与者进行了语法类别转换任务（GCST），其中向他们呈现一个名词（或动词），并要求他们检索相应的动词（或名词），以及之前广泛用于失语学和影像学文献中的经典图片命名任务（PNT）。 GCST 的明确设计是为了确保对混杂变量的控制，例如刺激复杂性或可成像性。对这两项任务中测量的血流动力学反应的联合分析表明，背侧运动前网络和后顶叶网络存在与动词相关的共享激活，这表明动词表征和面向动作的（视觉）空间知识之间存在密切关系。另一方面，在这两项任务中，没有大脑区域始终与名词相关。此外，名词和动词检索在行为和生理层面上都存在任务依赖性差异。在两项任务中引发最长反应时间的语法类别（即 PNT 中的动词和 GCST 中的名词）触发了左额下回的更大激活。因此，我们认为该领域反映了任务需求的普遍增加，而不是动词处理本身。
The wide variety of techniques and tasks used to study the neural correlates of noun and verb processing has resulted in a body of inconsistent evidence. We performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment to detect grammatical class effects that generalize across tasks. A total of 12 participants undertook a grammatical-class switching task (GCST), in which they were presented with a noun (or a verb) and were asked to retrieve the corresponding verb (or noun), and a classical picture naming task (PNT) widely used in the previous aphasiological and imaging literature. The GCST was explicitly designed to ensure control over confounding variables, such as stimulus complexity or imageability. Conjunction analyses of the haemodynamic responses measured in the two tasks indicated a shared verb-related activation of a dorsal premotor and posterior parietal network, pointing to a strong relationship between verb representation and action-oriented (visuo-)spatial knowledge. On the other hand, no brain area was consistently associated with nouns in both tasks. Moreover, there were task-dependent differences between noun and verb retrieval both at behavioural and at physiological level; the grammatical class that elicited the longest reaction times in both tasks (i.e., verbs in the PNT and nouns in the GCST) triggered a greater activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus. Therefore, we suggest that this area reflects a general increase in task demand rather than verb processing per se.