Why is start codon selection so precise in eukaryotes?
Why is start codon selection so precise in eukaryotes?
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DOI：
10.4161/trla.28387
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Asano K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Asano K
翻译通常以AUG密码子起始。虽然在原核生物（细菌和细菌）中允许以GUG和UUG起始，但最近在人类细胞中报告了CUG起始的病例。真核和原核结构域之间翻译起始的不同严格性主要源于核糖体识别肽基-tRNA结合位点处密码子的基本问题。对生命的每个结构域都有特异性的起始因子进化成通过核糖体赋予严格的起始。在真核生物启动的高精度的机械基础上描述的基础上，最近的研究结果有关的多因子复合物（MFC）在这个过程中的作用。还讨论了非AUG起始是否在翻译控制中起任何作用，以及起始密码子的准确性是否在真核生物中受到调节。
Translation generally initiates with the AUG codon. While initiation at GUG and UUG is permitted in prokaryotes (Archaea and Bacteria), cases of CUG initiation were recently reported in human cells. The varying stringency in translation initiation between eukaryotic and prokaryotic domains largely stems from a fundamental problem for the ribosome in recognizing a codon at the peptidyl-tRNA binding site. Initiation factors specific to each domain of life evolved to confer stringent initiation by the ribosome. The mechanistic basis for high accuracy in eukaryotic initiation is described based on recent findings concerning the role of the multifactor complex (MFC) in this process. Also discussed are whether non-AUG initiation plays any role in translational control and whether start codon accuracy is regulated in eukaryotes.