Genetic diversity of the Mexican Lidia bovine breed and its divergence from the Spanish population
Genetic diversity of the Mexican Lidia bovine breed and its divergence from the Spanish population
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墨西哥利迪亚牛品种的遗传多样性及其与西班牙群体的差异
DOI：
10.1111/jbg.12251
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
J. Cañón
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. G. Eusebi;Ó. Cortés;S. Dunner;J. Cañón
利迪亚牛品种存在自十四世纪在伊比利亚半岛。这些动物最初是为了吃肉而生产的，但有些动物表现出难以管理的攻击性行为，被用来参加流行的传统和社会活动。一个专业化的品种产生了原来的利迪亚人口记录在西班牙自十八世纪中期世纪。遵循与西班牙人口相同的传统，墨西哥在二十世纪初使用攻击性动物，直到两个育种家家庭开始从西班牙进口利迪亚品种牛，目的是专门生产它们。每个家庭（Llaguno和González）都遵循不同的育种管理，目前，大部分Lidia墨西哥人口来自Llaguno系。虽然对西班牙人口的遗传结构和多样性进行了研究（使用常染色体微卫星标记、Y染色体DNA标记和线粒体DNA序列），但没有对墨西哥人口进行分析。这项研究的目的是评估墨西哥Lidia品种的遗传结构和多样性，以及使用相同的分子工具与原始西班牙种群的关系。共有306只动物属于20个育种者从现有的墨西哥家庭发出的基因分型，遗传信息进行了比较，以前存在的西班牙信息。墨西哥人口的遗传多样性水平略高，发现与西班牙人口相比，和人口之间的变异占他们显示的平均值分别为0.18和0.12，分别为差异。来自墨西哥饲养者的动物，属于两个家庭中的每一个，聚集在一起，几乎没有证据表明与西班牙人口混合。Y染色体多样性的分析表明，H6单倍型在墨西哥人群中的频率很高，而这种单倍型在西班牙人中很少见，仅在Miura（100%）和Casta Navarra（38%）血统中发现。线粒体DNA显示相似的单倍型模式，在西班牙和墨西哥的人口，这是根据大多数的地中海牛品种。总之，由于墨西哥利迪亚人口最初有少数创始人，其目前的人口已经从他们的西班牙祖先隔离饲养了很长一段时间，这些瓶颈效应和混合牛起源的组合是可能消除任何痕迹的因素西班牙起源的这个人口。
Lidia bovine breed exists since the XIV century in the Iberian Peninsula. These animals were initially produced for meat but some, showing an aggressive behaviour which difficulted their management, were used to participate in popular traditional and social events. A specialization of the breed giving rise to the original Lidia population is documented in Spain since mid-XVIII century. Following the same tradition than in the Spanish population, Mexico used aggressive animals at the beginning of the XX century until two families of breeders started importing Lidia breed bovines from Spain with the aim of specializing their production. Each family (Llaguno and González) followed different breeding managements, and currently, most of the Lidia Mexican population derives from the Llaguno line. Although genetic structure and diversity of the Spanish population have been studied (using autosomal microsatellite markers, Y chromosome DNA markers and mitochondrial DNA sequences), the Mexican population is not analysed. The aim of the study was to assess both the genetic structure and diversity of the Mexican Lidia breed and its relationship with the original Spanish population using the same molecular tools. A total of 306 animals belonging to 20 breeders issued from both existing Mexican families were genotyped, and the genetic information was compared to the previously existing Spanish information. Slightly higher levels of genetic diversity in Mexican population were found when comparing to the Spanish population, and the variability among populations accounted for differences within them showing mean values of 0.18 and 0.12, respectively. Animals from the Mexican breeders, belonging to each of the two families, clustered together, and there was little evidence of admixture with the Spanish population. The analysis of Y chromosome diversity showed a high frequency of the H6 haplotype in the Mexican population, whereas this haplotype is rare in the Spanish, which is only found in the Miura (100%) and Casta Navarra (38%) lineages. Mitochondrial DNA revealed similar haplotypic pattern in both Spanish and Mexican populations, which is in accordance with most of the Mediterranean bovine breeds. In conclusion, as the Mexican Lidia population had initially a small number of founders and its current population has been reared isolated from their Spanish ancestors since a long time, these bottleneck effects and a combination of mixed cattle origin are the factors that might erase any trace of the Spanish origin of this population.