How RNA transcripts coordinate DNA recombination and repair.

How RNA transcripts coordinate DNA recombination and repair.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-03483-7
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发表时间:
2018-03-15
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Pomerantz RT
Pomerantz RT
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McDevitt S;Rusanov T;Kent T;Chandramouly G;Pomerantz RT

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酵母中的遗传研究表明,RNA转录物以依赖于RAD 52的方式促进同源定向的DNA修复。然而,所谓的RNA-DNA修复的分子基础仍然未知。使用重建分析,我们证明了RAD 52直接与RNA合作,作为序列指导的核糖核蛋白复合物,以促进两种相关的RNA-DNA修复模式。在RNA桥接机制中,RAD 52组装重组RNA−DNA杂合体,协调突触和同源DNA断裂的连接。在RNA模板机制中,RAD 52介导的RNA-DNA杂交体能够在DNA断裂处实现逆转录依赖的RNA到DNA序列转移,从而允许随后的DNA重组。值得注意的是,我们表明,这两种机制的RNA-DNA修复促进了转录的同源DNA模板的反式。总之,这些数据阐明了RNA转录本如何与RAD 52协调同源定向DNA重组和修复的DNA供体的情况下,并证明了直接的作用,转录在RNA-DNA修复。同源重组(HR)通常使用DNA作为供体模板来准确修复DNA断裂。在这里,作者阐明了RAD 52使用RNA作为HR模板的两种机制:一种涉及RNA介导的同源DNA断裂的突触,另一种涉及DNA断裂处的逆转录酶依赖性RNA至DNA序列转移。
Genetic studies in yeast indicate that RNA transcripts facilitate homology-directed DNA repair in a manner that is dependent on RAD52. The molecular basis for so-called RNA−DNA repair, however, remains unknown. Using reconstitution assays, we demonstrate that RAD52 directly cooperates with RNA as a sequence-directed ribonucleoprotein complex to promote two related modes of RNA−DNA repair. In a RNA-bridging mechanism, RAD52 assembles recombinant RNA−DNA hybrids that coordinate synapsis and ligation of homologous DNA breaks. In an RNA-templated mechanism, RAD52-mediated RNA−DNA hybrids enable reverse transcription-dependent RNA-to-DNA sequence transfer at DNA breaks that licenses subsequent DNA recombination. Notably, we show that both mechanisms of RNA−DNA repair are promoted by transcription of a homologous DNA template in trans. In summary, these data elucidate how RNA transcripts cooperate with RAD52 to coordinate homology-directed DNA recombination and repair in the absence of a DNA donor, and demonstrate a direct role for transcription in RNA−DNA repair. Homologous recombination (HR) typically uses DNA as a donor template to accurately repair DNA breaks. Here, the authors elucidate two mechanisms by which RAD52 uses RNA as a template for HR: one involving RNA-mediated synapsis of a homologous DNA break, and the other involving reverse transcriptase dependent RNA-to-DNA sequence transfer at DNA breaks.
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