Crop planting dates: an analysis of global patterns
Crop planting dates: an analysis of global patterns
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00551.x
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Ramankutty, Navin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sacks, William J.;Deryng, Delphine;Ramankutty, Navin
目的收集 19 种主要作物的全球作物种植和收获日期数据集，探索其中两种作物的种植日期和气候之间的空间关系，并将我们的分析与有关驱动种植日期决策的因素的文献综述进行比较。位置全球方法我们对来自六个来源的作物种植和收获日期的现有数据进行了数字化和地理参考。然后，我们使用东安格利亚大学气候研究中心 (CRU CL 2.0) 的 30 年平均气候学研究了种植日期与温度、降水量和潜在蒸散量之间的关系。结果我们提出了玉米、春小麦和冬小麦的全球种植日期模式（我们完整的公开数据集包含 19 种主要作物的种植和收获日期）。北部中纬度地区玉米播种一般在四月和五月进行。日平均气温通常为 c。在这些地区种植玉米时，温度为 12-17 摄氏度，但土壤湿度通常比温度更直接地决定种植日期。热带地区的玉米种植日期差异较大。春小麦的种植温度通常比玉米低，大约在 c.温带地区为 8 至 14 摄氏度。北部中纬度地区冬小麦一般在9月和10月播种。主要结论在温带地区，通过假设播种时温度固定，可以很好地预测玉米和春小麦播种日期的空间格局。然而，仅从气候来预测低纬度地区的播种日期和冬小麦的播种日期更加困难。部分原因是，选择种植日期可能是为了确保开花等关键生长阶段的有利气候，而不是为了确保作物生长早期的最佳气候。缺乏可预测性也是由于技术和社会经济因素对种植日期的普遍影响。
AimTo assemble a data set of global crop planting and harvesting dates for 19 major crops, explore spatial relationships between planting date and climate for two of them, and compare our analysis with a review of the literature on factors that drive decisions on planting dates.LocationGlobal.MethodsWe digitized and georeferenced existing data on crop planting and harvesting dates from six sources. We then examined relationships between planting dates and temperature, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration using 30-year average climatologies from the Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia (CRU CL 2.0).ResultsWe present global planting date patterns for maize, spring wheat and winter wheat (our full, publicly available data set contains planting and harvesting dates for 19 major crops). Maize planting in the northern mid-latitudes generally occurs in April and May. Daily average air temperatures are usually c. 12-17 degrees C at the time of maize planting in these regions, although soil moisture often determines planting date more directly than does temperature. Maize planting dates vary more widely in tropical regions. Spring wheat is usually planted at cooler temperatures than maize, between c. 8 and 14 degrees C in temperate regions. Winter wheat is generally planted in September and October in the northern mid-latitudes.Main conclusionsIn temperate regions, spatial patterns of maize and spring wheat planting dates can be predicted reasonably well by assuming a fixed temperature at planting. However, planting dates in lower latitudes and planting dates of winter wheat are more difficult to predict from climate alone. In part this is because planting dates may be chosen to ensure a favourable climate during a critical growth stage, such as flowering, rather than to ensure an optimal climate early in the crop's growth. The lack of predictability is also due to the pervasive influence of technological and socio-economic factors on planting dates.