Fractal Dimension of DSSS Frame Preamble: Radiometric Feature for Wireless Device Identification
Fractal Dimension of DSSS Frame Preamble: Radiometric Feature for Wireless Device Identification
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DOI：
10.1109/tmc.2023.3235497
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发表时间：
2024-02-01
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Zhang, Daqing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xufei;Chen, Yin;Zhang, Daqing
本文论证了帧前导码的分形维数作为一种新的辐射特征，可以与其他已知的辐射特征一起使用，以提高无线设备识别的识别精度。首先提出了一种直接序列扩频（DSSS）帧前同步码的分形维数估计方法，然后从理论上分析了设备硬件缺陷对分形维数的影响，证明了分形维数是一种固有的辐射特征。我们进一步展示仿真结果，以验证我们的分形维数的理论模型，并数值评估设备硬件缺陷和无线信道的分形维数的影响。最后，通过联合应用分形维数和文献中报道的五个特征，我们进行了广泛的实验，以证明分形维数可以导致进一步改善的国家的最先进的结果在辐射特征为基础的设备识别。
This paper demonstrates that the fractal dimension of frame preamble serves as a new radiometric feature that can be used together with other known radiometric features to enhance the identification accuracy in wireless device identification. We first propose a fractal dimension estimation scheme for direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) frame preamble, then provide theoretical analysis to reveal how the fractal dimension is primarily determined by the device hardware imperfections, and thus prove that the fractal dimension serves as an intrinsic radiometric feature. We further show simulation results to verify our theoretical modeling of the fractal dimension and also numerically evaluate the effects of device hardware imperfections and wireless channels on the fractal dimension. Finally, by jointly applying the fractal dimension and the five features reported in the literature, we conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate that the fractal dimension can lead to a further improvement of the state-of-the-art result in the radiometric feature-based device identification.