Air Pollution, Social Deprivation, and Mortality A Multilevel Cohort Study
Air Pollution, Social Deprivation, and Mortality A Multilevel Cohort Study
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DOI：
10.1097/ede.0b013e3181567d14
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Leyland, Alastair H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naess, Oyvind;Piro, Fredrik N.;Leyland, Alastair H.
背景：越来越明显的是，暴露于空气污染及其不利影响的分布并不公平。我们的目标是研究社会剥夺在解释空气污染细颗粒物水平的邻里差异中的作用（PM2.5）对死亡率的影响。方法：1992年1月1日在挪威奥斯陆登记的50-74岁年龄组的所有居民（n = 105，359）构成研究基础。我们使用了空气扩散模型（AirQUIS），以估计在1992年至1995年期间在所有470个行政区的暴露水平。这些数据与人口普查，教育和死亡登记有关。主要结果：PM2.5与大多数社区水平的贫困指标相关，最明显的是住宅类型和住宅所有权。PM2.5对死亡率的影响在一定程度上解释了这些指标独立的相应的个人水平indicators.Conclusions：这项研究的结果表明，社会剥夺的社区有较高的暴露于空气污染。在个人和社区层面上的死亡率都与空气污染有关，这是这些社区中与空气污染有关的超额死亡率的一部分。
Background: It is becoming increasingly evident that exposure to air pollution and its adverse effects are not equitably distributed. Our goal was to investigate the role of social deprivation in explaining the effect of neighborhood differences in level of air pollution fine particulates (PM2.5) on mortality when the indicators of social deprivation are measured at both individual level and at neighborhood level.Methods: All inhabitants registered in Oslo, Norway on 1 January 1992 in the age group 50-74 years (n = 105,359) constitute the study base. We used an air dispersion model (AirQUIS) to estimate levels of exposure in the period 1992-1995 in all 470 administrative neighborhoods. These data were linked to Census, educational, and death registries. Deaths were recorded in the period 1992-1998.Main Results: PM2.5 was associated with most neighborhood-level indicators of deprivation, as was most clearly seen for type of dwelling and ownership of dwelling. The effect of PM2.5 on mortality was to some extent explained by these indicators independently of the corresponding individual-level indicators.Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest that socially deprived neighborhoods have higher exposure to air pollution. Deprivation at both the individual and neighborhood level is associated with air pollution, accounting for some of the excess mortality associated with air pollution in these neighborhoods.