Genetic and Epigenetic Changes Involving (Retro)transposons in Animal Hybrids and Polyploids
Genetic and Epigenetic Changes Involving (Retro)transposons in Animal Hybrids and Polyploids
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DOI：
10.1159/000352069
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Rodriguez, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arkhipova, I. R.;Rodriguez, F.
转座因子（Transposable elements，TE）是一种能够改变自身在染色体DNA中位置的离散遗传单位，是真核生物基因组中重要的快速进化组分。它们可以被细分为两种不同的类型：反转录转座子，其使用RNA中间体进行转座，和DNA转座子，其仅作为DNA移动。基因组测序的快速进展显著提高了我们对TE在基因组成形和重组中的作用的理解，转录组和表观基因组的研究揭示了遗传和表观遗传TE控制的分子机制。这些控制系统的知识可能是重要的，更好地了解网状进化和物种形成的背景下，使不同的基因组在一起的杂交和倍性变化扰乱了既定的监管平衡。另见本托等人的姐妹文章，在这个主题问题上关注植物。(c)2013 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Transposable elements (TEs) are discrete genetic units that have the ability to change their location within chromosomal DNA, and constitute a major and rapidly evolving component of eukaryotic genomes. They can be subdivided into 2 distinct types: retrotransposons, which use an RNA intermediate for transposition, and DNA transposons, which move only as DNA. Rapid advances in genome sequencing significantly improved our understanding of TE roles in genome shaping and restructuring, and studies of transcriptomes and epigenomes shed light on the previously unknown molecular mechanisms underlying genetic and epigenetic TE controls. Knowledge of these control systems may be important for better understanding of reticulate evolution and speciation in the context of bringing different genomes together by hybridization and perturbing the established regulatory balance by ploidy changes. See also sister article focusing on plants by Bento et al. in this themed issue. (c) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel