n-3 fatty acids and the metabolic syndrome
n-3 fatty acids and the metabolic syndrome
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/83.6.1499s
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Malaisse, Willy J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carpentier, Yvon A.;Portois, Laurence;Malaisse, Willy J.
代谢综合征被定义为 3 种或更多组分共存，其中一些表明葡萄糖和脂质代谢的改变。与肥胖相关的代谢综合征的患病率正在迅速增加，它被认为是心血管疾病的重要预测因素。增加 n-3 海洋脂肪酸的摄入量或补充可能会改善胰岛素信号传导的缺陷，并防止葡萄糖稳态的改变和 2 型糖尿病的进一步发展。这主要是通过减少肌肉和肝脏中脂肪酸积累来介导的。 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (n-3 PUFA) 可降低血浆三酰甘油，并通过减少致动脉粥样硬化的小而密 LDL 的比例来改善脂蛋白分布。然而，n-3 PUFA 不会降低 LDL 胆固醇。这些效应可能是通过与脂质氧化和合成相关基因表达相关的转录因子的活性介导的。 n-3 PUFA 的其他多效作用可能有助于减轻代谢综合征的负担，例如调节炎症、血小板活化、内皮功能和血压。尽管比较两种主要 n-3 PUFA 效果的研究有限，但二十二碳六烯酸在纠正多种危险因素方面似乎至少与二十碳五烯酸一样有效。应在更全面的策略中考虑使用 n-3 PUFA，包括改变生活方式，例如坚持健康的地中海饮食和进行定期体育锻炼。
The metabolic syndrome is defined as the coexistence of 3 or more components, some of which indicate alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is rapidly increasing in relation to obesity, and it is considered to be an important predictor of cardiovascular disease. Increased intakes or supplements of n-3 marine fatty acids may improve defects in insulin signaling and prevent alterations in glucose homeostasis and the further development of type 2 diabetes. This is largely mediated through a reduction in fatty acid accumulation in muscle and liver. n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) reduce plasma triacylglycerols and improve the lipoprotein profile by decreasing the fraction of atherogenic small, dense LDL. However, n-3 PUFAs do not lower LDL cholesterol. These effects are likely mediated through the activity of transcription factors relating to expression of genes involved in lipid oxidation and synthesis. Other pleiotrophic effects of n-3 PUFAs may contribute to decreasing the burden of the metabolic syndrome, such as modulating inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial function, and blood pressure. Although studies comparing the effect of both major n-3 PUFAs are limited, docosahexaenoic acid appears at least as efficient as eicosapentaenoic acid in correcting several risk factors. The use of n-3 PUFAs should be considered in more global strategies including changes in lifestyle, such as adhering to a healthy Mediterranean type of diet and practicing regular physical exercise.