NATURAL-SELECTION AND EVOLUTION OF REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT
NATURAL-SELECTION AND EVOLUTION OF REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.72.6.2227
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发表时间：
1975-01-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
TINKLE, DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HIRSHFIELD, MF;TINKLE, DW
生殖努力被定义为用于生殖过程的生物体总能量预算的比例。将选择物种内给定年龄的繁殖努力，以最大化该年龄的繁殖价值。繁殖努力不会直接受到幼年存活率变化的影响，也不一定会因成年存活率的增加而减少。当外在成虫死亡率高、幼虫存活率恒定的环境中，以及在多变的环境中幼虫存活率良好的年份（假设年份的质量可以由成虫预测）时，应选择高水平的繁殖努力。讨论了测量生殖努力和理解选择如何导致个体和物种之间不同努力水平所需的数据。我们对增加资源可用性对生殖努力的影响做出了一些预测。目前测试这些预测的经验基础还不够，我们认为自然界生物体能量预算的数据对于此类测试至关重要。我们还得出结论，必须详细了解生命表参数的变化，才能了解生殖努力水平的选择基础。
Reproductive effort is defined as that proportion of the total energy budget of an organism that is devoted to reproductive processes. Reproductive effort at a given age within a species will be selected to maximize reproductive value at that age. Reproductive effort is not directly affected by changes in juvenile survivorship, nor necessarily reduced by an increase in adult survivorship. Selection for high levels of reproductive effort should occur when extrinsic adult mortality is high, in environments with constant juvenile survivorship, and in good years for juvenile survivorship in a variable environment, provided that the quality of the year is predictable by adults. Data necessary to measure reproductive effort and to understand how selection results in different levels of effort between individuals and species are discussed. We make several predictions about the effect of increased resource availability on reproductive effort. The empirical bases for testing these predictions are presently inadequate, and we consider data on energy budgets of organisms in nature to be essential for such test. We also conclude that variance in life table parameters must be known in detail to understand the selective bases of levels of reproductive effort.