The importance of spatial nested data in understanding the relationship between visitor use and landscape impacts
The importance of spatial nested data in understanding the relationship between visitor use and landscape impacts
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.09.001
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Giumetti, Gary W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beeco, J. Adam;Hallo, Jeffrey C.;Giumetti, Gary W.
由于自然保护区的管理人员和研究人员继续寻求平衡，促进游客使用，但限制负面的经验和自然资源的影响，社会和物理空间数据的整合可能会发挥关键作用，了解游客和社区如何与这些保护区内的景观接口。这些空间因素对于公园内自然资源的清查、监测和管理非常重要。与公园自然资源对游客的影响具体相关的是多用途步道的使用和状况。全球定位系统和地理信息系统等技术可以对影响这一资源的因素之间的关系进行独特的评估。本文重点研究游客使用分布（通过GPS跟踪测量），活动类型和步道设计如何影响步道条件的影响。本文还讨论了与空间依赖性有关的统计问题。结果表明，未能考虑空间依赖性可能导致错误的I型结果。此外，活动类型（特别是骑马者）和线索设计被发现最好的预测线索的影响时，控制空间依赖性。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
As managers and researchers of protected natural areas continue to seek balance in promoting visitor use but limiting negative experiential and natural resource impacts, the integration of social and physical spatial data may play a critical role in understanding how visitors and the community interface with the landscape within these protected areas. These spatial considerations are important for inventorying, monitoring, and managing the conditions of natural resources within parks. Specifically related to the visitor impacts of natural resources in parks are the use and condition of multiple-use trails. Technology such as GPS and GIS may allow for a unique assessment of the relationship between factors that influence this resource. This paper focuses on how visitor use distribution (measured through GPS tracking), activity type, and trail design influence the impacts to trail conditions. This paper also addresses statistical concerns related to spatial dependency. Results suggest that failure to account for spatial dependency can lead to erroneous Type I findings. Additionally, activity type (specifically horseback riders) and trail design were found to best predict trail impacts when controlling for spatial dependency. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.