Naming Civic Health in Environmental Justice Discourse: The Jackson Water Crisis.
Naming Civic Health in Environmental Justice Discourse: The Jackson Water Crisis.
复制标题
在环境正义话语中命名公民健康：杰克逊水危机。
DOI：
10.1016/j.lana.2022.100378
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Casey,JoanA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nwanaji-Enwerem,JamajiC;Casey,JoanA
从2021年底到2022年秋季，美国通过了对环境正义（EJ）特别重要的立法-美国环境保护署（EPA）将其定义为“在环境法律，法规和政策的制定，实施和执行方面，所有人的公平待遇和有意义的参与，无论种族，肤色，国籍或收入如何。2021年11月15日，拜登总统签署了《基础设施投资和就业法案》。该法律包含超过1700亿美元的环境正义条款，重点包括环境修复，通过更换铅管改善供水，以及通过投资电动汽车和公共交通减少温室气体排放。这些努力在2022年8月16日得到加强，签署了《降低通货膨胀法》，扩大了清洁能源的使用范围，并建立了几个环境正义赠款计划。[3]尽管这些立法成就为EJ运动带来了希望，但不到一个月后，即2022年8月30日，密西西比州州长泰特·里夫斯宣布进入紧急状态，因为珠江洪水进一步破坏了杰克逊摇摇欲坠的水处理厂，并使该市本已脆弱的供水变得紧张。4这场危机的管理与最近通过的许多人认为是几十年来最有意义的EJ立法之间的对比突出了公民健康的重要机会-“衡量社区的公民，社会和政治力量5”-确保人口健康和消除健康差距。
From late 2021 to the Fall of 2022, the US passed legislation of particular importance to environmental justice (EJ)− defined by The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as “the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies. 1” On November 15, 2021, President Biden signed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. This law contains over $170 billion in EJ provisions, with focal points including environmental remediation, improving the water supply with the replacement of lead pipes, and reducing greenhouse emissions through investments in electric vehicles and public transportation. 2 These efforts were strengthened on August 16, 2022, with the signing of the Inflation Reduction Act which expands access to clean energies and establishes several environmental justice grant programs. 3 Despite these legislative achievements breathing hope into the EJ movement, less than one month later− on August 30, 2022− Governor Tate Reeves of Mississippi declared a state of emergency as flooding of the Pearl River further damaged Jackson’s crumbling water treatment plants and strained the city’s already tenuous water supply. 4 The contrast between the management of this crisis and the recent passage of what many consider to be the most meaningful EJ legislation in decades, highlights an important opportunity for civic health−“the measure of civic, social, and political strength of a community 5”− in ensuring population health and eliminating health disparities.