Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels and their correlations with lifestyle factors and steroid hormone levels
Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels and their correlations with lifestyle factors and steroid hormone levels
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-079x.2005.00285.x
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Hankinson, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schernhammer, ES;Kroenke, CH;Hankinson, SE
轮值夜班的工人在夜间暴露在光线下，与循环中褪黑激素水平降低有关，褪黑素是一种公认的防癌荷尔蒙。然而，人们对其他生活方式因素或内源性类固醇激素与褪黑素水平的关系知之甚少。我们研究了年龄、生殖和绝经因素、体重指数(BMI)、饮酒、吸烟史、夜班工作以及其他几个乳腺癌危险因素，以及循环性类固醇激素水平与肌酐调整的晨尿褪黑素(6-硫氧基褪黑素，aMT6s)水平的横向关联。参与者是来自护士健康研究II(NHS II)的459名健康的、主要是绝经前(年龄范围33-50岁)的女性。使用多元线性回归，我们计算了生活方式因素的最小二乘平均荷尔蒙水平。年龄与aMT6s水平呈负相关，尤其是在绝经前(绝经前女性，=49岁；aMT6s，20.8 ng/mg对11.8 ng/mg肌酐；P代表趋势，0.02)。在多变量分析中，BMI与aMT6s水平显著负相关(P代表趋势，P<0.01)。吸烟年限越高，aMT6s水平越低(从不吸烟者与15年以上吸烟者相比，aMT6s=17.4 ng/mg与12.3 ng/mg肌酐；趋势P=0.04)。我们还观察到产次与aMT6s水平呈正相关(P代表趋势，P<0.01)，但没有其他生殖因素或任何性激素(雌二醇、孕酮、雌酮、雌酮硫酸酯、脱氢表雄烯二酮、脱氢表雄烯二酮硫酸酯、睾酮和雄烯二酮)与aMT6s显著相关，无论是在黄体阶段还是月经周期的卵泡期。总而言之，较高的年龄、BMI和大量吸烟与较低的褪黑素水平显著相关，而产次与较高的aMT6s水平显著相关。褪黑素水平可能是这些因素影响癌症发展的一个机制，但需要更多的研究来明确这些机制。
Exposure to light at night, as experienced by rotating night shift workers, has been related to lower circulating levels of melatonin, a hormone with recognized cancer protective properties. However, little is known about the relationship of other lifestyle factors or endogenous sex steroid hormones with melatonin levels. We examined cross-sectional associations of age, reproductive and menopausal factors, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, smoking history, night shift work, as well as several other breast cancer risk factors, and circulating sex steroid hormone levels with creatinine-adjusted morning urinary melatonin (6-sulfatoxymelatonin, aMT6s) levels. Participants were 459 healthy, primarily premenopausal (age range 33-50 yr) women from the Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II). Using multiple linear regression, we computed least-square mean hormone levels across categories of lifestyle factors. Age was inversely related to aMT6s levels, particularly before menopause (premenopausal women, = 49 yr; aMT6s, 20.8 ng/mg versus 11.8 ng/mg creatinine; P for trend, 0.02). In multivariate analyses, BMI was significantly and inversely associated with aMT6s levels (P for trend, < 0.01). Higher pack-years of smoking were associated with significantly lower aMT6s levels (never smoker versus 15+ pack-years, aMT6s = 17.4 ng/mg versus 12.3 ng/mg creatinine; P for trend, 0.04). We also observed a positive association between parity and aMT6s levels (P for trend, < 0.01), but no other reproductive factors nor any of the sex hormones (estradiol, progesterone, estrone, estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrostenedione, dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate, testosterone, and androstenedione), as measured either in the luteal or the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, were significantly associated with aMT6s. In conclusion, higher age, BMI, and heavy smoking were significantly related to lower levels of melatonin, whereas parity was significantly associated with higher aMT6s levels. Melatonin levels may be one mechanism through which these factors influence the development of cancer, but more studies are needed to elucidate these mechanisms definitively.