Studies on Development of the Embryo Sac and Its Abnormality in the Triploid Apple Cultivar ‘Mutsu’
Studies on Development of the Embryo Sac and Its Abnormality in the Triploid Apple Cultivar ‘Mutsu’
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三倍体苹果品种‘陆奥’胚囊发育及其异常的研究
DOI：
10.2503/jjshs.57.366
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Fukunaga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masashi Sato;K. Kanbe;S. Nakagawa;E. Yuda;S. Fukunaga
为研究三倍体苹果品种胚囊发育过程及其异常，对三倍体‘陆奥’与二倍体‘金冠’在花前1、2天至异花授粉后20天期间发育中的胚珠进行组织学比较。 ‘金冠’胚囊中发现成熟卵器，而‘陆奥’在开花当日未见成熟卵器。花后3天，含有助细胞、卵和极核、受精卵和极核的成熟卵器的胚囊百分比，‘陆奥’为85.4%，‘金冠’为98.0%。 2． ‘陆奥’的双受精胚珠比例约为85-86%，‘金冠’的双受精胚珠比例约为97-99%。 3． ‘陆奥’中具有未分裂合子和/或初生胚乳核的胚珠比例高达 19.4-26.9%，而‘金冠’中为 1.9-6.2%。含有未分裂合子和初生胚乳核的胚珠在“Mutsu”中最常见。4。 ‘Alutsu’中胚珠和/或胚乳在发育早期退化的胚珠百分比为 8.9%，而‘Golden Delicious’中为 2.5%。5。在三倍体‘Mutsu’中，缺乏受精导致雌配子体不完美的胚珠百分比约为 13%，含有异常胚胎和/或胚乳的胚珠百分比约为 28-36%。这种异常通常表现为合子和初生胚乳核，没有核分裂。
To study the process of embryo sac development and its abnormality in a triploid apple cultivar, developing ovules of triploid ‘Mutsu’ were histologically compared with those of diploid ‘Golden Delicious’ in a period from 1 or 2 days before anthesis through 20 days after cross-pollination.1. Mature egg apparatuses were found in embryo sacs of ‘Golden Delicious’, whereas they were not observed in ‘Mutsu’ on the day of anthesis. The percentage of embryo sacs containing a mature egg apparatus of synergids, egg and polar nuclei, and fertilized egg and polar nucleus was 85.4% in ‘Mutsu’, while it was 98.0% in ‘Golden Delicious’ 3 days after anthesis.2. The percentage of double-fertilized ovules was about 85-86% in ‘Mutsu’ and 97-99% in ‘Golden Delicious’.3. The percentage of ovules having a non-divided zygote and/or primary endosperm nucleus, vas as high as 19.4-26.9% in ‘Mutsu’, whereas it was 1.9-6.2% in ‘Golden Delicious’. Ovules containing non-divided zygotes and primary endosperm nuclei were most frequently observed in ‘Mutsu’.4. The percentage of ovules having the embryo and/or endosperm degenerated at an early stage of development was 8.9% in ‘Alutsu’, but 2.5% in ‘Golden Delicious’.5. In triploid ‘Mutsu’ the percentage of ovules lacking fertilization clue to imperfect female gametophytes was about 13%, and that of ovules containing an abnormal embryo and/or endosperm was approximately 28-36%. Such abnormal ones usually showed zygotes and primary endosperm nuclei without nuclear division.