The seasonal mobility model for prehistoric herders in the South-western Cape of South Africa assessed by isotopic analysis of sheep tooth enamel
The seasonal mobility model for prehistoric herders in the South-western Cape of South Africa assessed by isotopic analysis of sheep tooth enamel
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DOI：
10.1006/jasc.2001.0787
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Rpice, TD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balasse, M;Ambrose, SH;Rpice, TD
在欧洲人与南非接触时，南非西南角的Khoekhoe畜牧业在海岸和内地之间的季节性流动模式就有记录。由于该地区的特点是镶嵌的地质基质的不同年龄和植被类型与不同比例的C-3和C-4植物，这种流动性模型的史前牧民可以测试分析的碳，氧和锶同位素比值在国内牛科动物牙齿釉质。同位素分析进行了考古羊，牛，大羚羊和steenbok牙齿从晚石器时代的网站Kasteelberg的Vredenburg半岛。牙釉质的连续取样提供了牙齿形成期间饮食的同位素组成的时间记录。考古和现代的尖羚牙齿的碳和氧同位素分析结果显示，在该网站附近的当地牧场的三角洲C-13的季节性变化（高达2.9%，在一个单一的个人），这可能是由于C-3和C-4植物的比例和/或C-3植物的三角洲C-13的季节性变化的季节性变化。在绵羊牙齿中也观察到牙釉质中δ C-13的0.9-3.5%的季节性变化模式。这种变化幅度可能是由于当地的季节变化，因此这是不可能的，从牛牙齿中测量的δ C-13和Sr-87/Sr-86值表明，这种动物在内部度过了它的一部分生活，即使它死在Kasteelberg。对这头牛的研究结果也表明，在栖息地内的居住时间更长，而不是季节性流动。在历史时期证明的季节性流动的明确模式可能只是在史前后期才发展起来的，当时该地区发展了畜牧业。
A pattern of seasonal mobility between the coast and the hinterland by Khoekhoe pastoralism in the south-western Cape of South Africa was documented at the time of European contact. Because the region is characterized by a mosaic of geological substrates of various ages and vegetation types with different proportions of C-3 and C-4 plants, this mobility model for prehistoric herders can be tested by analysis of carbon, oxygen and strontium isotope ratios in domestic bovid tooth enamel. Isotopic analysis was performed on archaeological sheep, cattle, eland and steenbok teeth from the Late Stone Age site of Kasteelberg on the Vredenburg Peninsula. Sequential sampling of enamel provided a chronological record of the isotopic composition of diet during tooth formation. Results from carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of archaeological and modern steenbok teeth show seasonal variation in the delta C-13 of local pastures in the vicinity of the site (up to 2.9% in a single individual), which could be due to seasonal change in proportions of C-3 and C-4 plants and/or seasonal variation in the delta C-13 of C-3 plants. A pattern of seasonal change of 0.9-3.5% in the delta C-13 of tooth enamel is also observed in the sheep teeth. This amplitude of variation could be due to local seasonal changes, thus it is not possible, from the delta C-13 and Sr-87/Sr-86 values measured in a cow tooth suggest that this animal spent part of its life int he interior, even though it died at Kasteelberg. Results on this cow also suggest longer residence within habitats rather than seasonal mobility. A clear pattern of seasonal mobility attested in historical times might have developed only later in prehistory, when cattle pastoralism developed in the region.