Manifolds of negative curvature

Manifolds of negative curvature
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DOI:
10.1090/s0002-9947-1969-0251664-4
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发表时间:
1969-11
影响因子:
1.3
通讯作者:
R. Bishop;B. O'neill
R. Bishop;B. O'neill
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
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作者:
R. Bishop;B. O'neill

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1.1.对于黎曼流形V,我们分别用c(V)和c~(V)表示截面曲率的上界和下界,用vol(F)表示体积,用d(V)表示直径。1.2.设V是n维负曲率闭黎曼流形,c~(V)> 1 .如果n > 8,则vol(V)> C(1 + d(V)),其中常数C > 0仅取决于n。备注。这个不等式是精确的:对于每个n,存在一个无穷序列Vi,其中d(Vi)-> oo,/ -> oo,并且具有一致有界的比率vol(Vi)jd(Vi)。证据取一个具有无穷群Hλ(V)的常负曲率流形V(见[8])及其有限循环覆盖序列。对于n = 4,5,6,7,我们将在这里证明下列较弱的结果:vol(V)> C(l + d(V))。注意,§ 4中的论证表明,对于n > 4,n维流形V满足- ε > c(V)> c~(V)> - 1,ε > 0,满足:vol(V)> C(l + d(V)),其中C依赖于n和ε。1.3.定理1.2改进了Margulis-Heintze定理(见[6],[4]),说明不等式vol(V)> C = Cn。在本文中,我们证明了以下推广。1.3A.设X是完备单连通负曲率流形,且c~(X)>-1.设Γ是V的等距群的离散群(可能有挠),则vol(X/Γ)> C,其中C > 0仅依赖于dim(X)。这一事实对于c~(X)>-1且Ricci曲率为负的非正曲率流形仍然成立(见[5])。在齐次情况下,这是Kazhdan-Margulis定理(见[9])。
1.1. For a Riemannian manifold V we denote by c(V) and c~(V) respectively the upper and the lower bounds of the sectional curvature, by vol(F) the volume, and by d(V) the diameter. 1.2. Let V be an ^-dimensional closed Riemannian manifold of negative curvature and c~(V) > 1 . If n > 8, then vol (V) > C(l + d{V)\ where the constant C > 0 depends only on n. Remark. This inequality is exact: For each n there exists an infinite sequence Vi with d(Vi) —> oo, / —> oo, and with uniformly bounded ratio vol {Vi)jd{Vi). Proof. Take a manifold V of constant negative curvature with infinite group Hλ(V) (see [8]) and a sequence of its finite cyclic coverings. For n = 4, 5, 6, 7 we shall prove here the following weaker result: vol (V) > C(l + d(V)). Notice that arguments from § 4 show that for n > 4 an ndimensional manifold V with — ε > c(V) > c~(V) > — 1, ε > 0, satisfies: vol (V) > C(l + d{V)) where C depends on n and ε. 1.3. Theorem 1.2 sharpens the Margulis-Heintze theorem (see [6], [4]) stating the inequality vol (V) > C = Cn. In this paper we prove the following generalization. 1.3A. Let X be a complete simply connected manifold of negative curvature with c~(X) > — 1. Let Γ be a discrete group (possibly with torsion) of isometries of V. Then vol(X/Γ) > C, where C > 0 depends only on dim(X). This fact is still true for manifolds of nonpositive curvature with c~(X) > — 1 and negative Ricci curvature (see [5]). In the homogeneous case this is the Kazhdan-Margulis theorem (see [9]).