The Europeanization of Immigration and Asylum in Greece (1990-2012)
The Europeanization of Immigration and Asylum in Greece (1990-2012)
复制标题
希腊移民和庇护的欧洲化（1990-2012）
DOI：
10.2753/ijs0020-7659430304
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Ioannis Papageorgiou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ioannis Papageorgiou
自1980年代以来，(当时的)欧洲共同体(欧共体)1的国家在一个最初不属于欧共体职权的领域共同制定政策：关于第三国国民(即欧洲联盟以外的国家的国民)移民的各个方面的政策，以及关于给予庇护或更广泛地说关于其他形式的国际保护的政策。与此同时，在这两个政策领域处于较低优先地位的希腊，成为移民的目的地国，其中绝大多数人是非法进入该国的，也成为那些想要移居另一个欧洲联盟(欧盟)成员国或需要国际保护的人的中转国。成员国关于移民和庇护的国内政策逐渐趋同于欧盟范围内的共同立法框架，这对希腊的政策产生了重大影响，并代表了政策制定中“欧洲化”的一个重要案例。本文从立法和政策制定两个角度考察了希腊和欧盟在这两个领域的政策和实践的并行发展。它分析了希腊移民和庇护现实的特殊性以及政治优先事项，将该国的事态发展与欧洲其他国家和欧盟机构内部的事态发展进行了比较，并就逐步制定关于欧洲化进程的欧盟共同政策对希腊政策的影响得出了结论。
Since the 1980s, the countries of the (then) European Community (EC)1 engaged in joint policymaking in an area that was not initially an EC competence2: policies on various aspects of immigration by third-country nationals (i.e., nationals of states other than those of the European Union) and on granting asylum or, more generally, other forms of international protection. At the same time, Greece, where these two policy areas were of low priority, became a country of destination for immigrants, the vast majority of whom entered the country illegally, and a transit country for people who either wanted to move to another European Union (EU) member state or were in need of international protection. The gradual convergence of member states' domestic policies on immigration and asylum toward a common EU-wide legislative framework had a major effect on Greek policies and represents a significant case study of "Europeanization" in policymaking. This article examines the parallel development of policies and practices in these two areas at the Greek and EU levels, from both legislative and policymaking angles. It analyzes the particularities of Greek immigration and asylum realities and political priorities, compares developments in the country with those in the rest of Europe and inside the EU institutions, and draws conclusions as to the effects on Greek policies of the progressive framing of common EU policies in regard to the process of Europeanization.