The Rise of Anti-foreigner Sentiment in European Societies, 1988-2000
The Rise of Anti-foreigner Sentiment in European Societies, 1988-2000
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1988-2000 年欧洲社会反外国人情绪的兴起
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anastasia Gorodzeisky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moshe Semyonov;Rebeca Raijman;Anastasia Gorodzeisky
这项研究考察了随着时间的推移，欧洲社会中对外部群体的情绪的变化。为此，从12个国家的四次欧洲晴雨表调查中汇编了数据，这些调查提供了1988年至2000年期间对外国人的态度的详细和可比较的信息。估计了一系列多层次线性模型，以考察个人和国家一级的威胁来源对排外情绪的影响的变化。分析显示，1988年至2000年间，所有12个国家的排外情绪都出现了大幅上升。排外情绪在早期(1988年至1994年)急剧上升，之后趋于平稳。尽管排外情绪往往在外国人口比例较高、经济状况不太繁荣的地方更为明显，但这两个因素对排外情绪的影响并没有随着时间的推移而改变。分析还显示，在右翼极端政党支持率较高的地方，排外情绪更为明显。多年来，教育等个人层面的社会经济特征的影响保持稳定，但政治意识形态的影响有所增加。这些发现的意义和意义在欧洲社会的背景下进行了讨论。
The study examines change over time in sentiments toward out-group populations in European societies. For this purpose data were compiled from four waves of the Eurobarometer surveys for 12 countries that provided detailed and comparable information on attitudes toward foreigners between 1988 and 2000. A series of multilevel hierarchical linear models were estimated to examine change in the effects of individual- and country-level sources of threat on anti-foreigner sentiment. The analysis shows a substantial rise in antiforeigner sentiment between 1988 and 2000 in all 12 countries. The rise in anti-foreigner sentiment was steep in the early period (between 1988 and 1994), then leveled off after that. Although anti-foreigner sentiment tends to be more pronounced in places with a large proportion of foreign populations and where economic conditions are less prosperous, the effects of both factors on anti-foreigner sentiment have not changed over time. The analysis also shows that anti-foreigner sentiment is more pronounced in places with greater support for right-wing extreme parties. The impact of individual-level socioeconomic characteristics such as education has remained stable over the years, but the effect of political ideology has increased. The meaning and significance of the findings are discussed within the context of European societies.