New data on the morphology of permian gliding weigeltisaurid reptiles of Eastern Europe
New data on the morphology of permian gliding weigeltisaurid reptiles of Eastern Europe
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DOI：
10.1134/s0031030110060109
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Sennikov, A. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bulanov, V. V.;Sennikov, A. G.
本文描述了俄罗斯奥伦堡地区Kul'chumovo-A地区二叠纪滑翔爬行动物Rautiania的新标本。劳天尼亚的形态强烈地表明了对一种强制性的树栖生活模式和滑翔飞行的适应（这是由坚固的骶骨支持的;自主足元素的自由运动;特定的手形态，典型的活的树栖脊椎动物;颅骨和杆状骨的强烈气动结构形成滑翔皮肤膜的框架;等等）。修正了weigeltisaurids的颞窗后壁骨的同源性，根据新的概念，它由两个真皮成分，squamellar和quadratojugal。在威格尔蒂龙科的头盖骨上的生长物具有骨皮的性质。本文首次详细描述了方关节复合体的结构特征，并对该复合体的形态特征进行了讨论。1939年恢复了该科的原名，魏格尔蒂龙科（Weigeltisauridae Kuhn）。在晚二叠世出现的专门滑翔爬行动物，如Weigeltisauridae，是由前三叠纪陆生脊椎动物群落的气候条件，这导致了四足动物进入新的适应区，特别是森林群落。威格提龙科的全球分布证明了在晚二叠世及以后，高而薄的森林是最有利于滑翔动物出现和随后扩散的生态区。
New specimens of the Permian gliding reptile Rautiania from the Kul'chumovo-A locality (Russia, Orenburg Region) are described. The morphology of Rautiania strongly suggests adaptation for an obligatory arboreal mode of life and gliding flight (which are supported by the consolidated sacrum; free movements of the autopodial elements; specific manus morphology, typical of living arboreal vertebrates; strongly pneumatic structure of cranial bones and rodlike bones forming the frame of the gliding skin membrane; etc.). The homology of bones of the posterior wall of the temporal fenestra of weigeltisaurids is revised; according to the new concept, it consists of two dermal elements, the squamosal and quadratojugal. The outgrowths on the cranial bones of weigeltisaurids are of osteodermal nature. The diagnostic characters in the dental system of the genus Rautiania are considered, and the structure of the quadrate-articular complex of weigeltisaurids is described in detail for the first time. The original name of the family, Weigeltisauridae Kuhn, 1939, is restored. The appearance in the Late Permian of specialized gliding reptiles, such as the Weigeltisauridae, is accounted for by climactic conditions of terrestrial vertebrate communities in the pre-Triassic time, which resulted in the penetration of tetrapods into new adaptive zones, in particular, forest biotopes. The global distribution of weigeltisaurids is evidence of the widespread of high thin forests, the ecotopes most favorable for the appearance and subsequent dispersal of gliding animals, in the Late Permian and later on.