Development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales
Development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales
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DOI：
10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Asmundson, Gordon J. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Taylor, Steven;Landry, Caeleigh A.;Asmundson, Gordon J. G.
研究和临床观察表明，在大流行期间，许多人表现出与压力或焦虑相关的反应，包括害怕被感染，害怕接触可能被污染的物体或表面，害怕可能携带感染的外国人（即，与疾病有关的仇外心理）、对流行病的社会经济后果的恐惧、对可能与流行病有关的威胁的强迫性检查和寻求保证，以及对流行病的创伤性应激症状（例如，噩梦，侵入性想法）。我们开发了36项COVID压力量表（CSS）来衡量这些与COVID-19相关的特征。CSS旨在更好地了解和评估与COVID-19相关的困扰。这些量表是特意设计的，以便随时适应未来的大流行。CSS是在加拿大（N = 3479）和美国（N = 3375）的人群代表性样本中开发和初步验证的。确定了一个稳定的5因素解决方案，对应于评估COVID相关压力和焦虑症状的量表：（1）危险和污染恐惧，（2）对经济后果的恐惧，（3）仇外心理，（4）强迫性检查和寻求保证，以及（5）关于COVID-19的创伤性压力症状。量表的各项指标的信度和效度表现良好。这些量表相互关联，提供了COVID压力综合征的证据。这些量表有望成为更好地了解与COVID-19相关的痛苦和识别需要心理健康服务的人的工具。
Research and clinical observations suggest that during times of pandemic many people exhibit stress- or anxietyrelated responses that include fear of becoming infected, fear of coming into contact with possibly contaminated objects or surfaces, fear of foreigners who might be carrying infection (i.e., disease-related xenophobia), fear of the socio-economic consequences of the pandemic, compulsive checking and reassurance-seeking regarding possible pandemic-related threats, and traumatic stress symptoms about the pandemic (e.g., nightmares, intrusive thoughts). We developed the 36-item COVID Stress Scales (CSS) to measure these features, as they pertain to COVID-19. The CSS were developed to better understand and assess COVID-19-related distress. The scales were intentionally designed so they could be readily adapted for future pandemics. The CSS were developed and initially validated in population-representative samples from Canada (N = 3479) and the United States (N = 3375). A stable 5-factor solution was identified, corresponding to scales assessing COVID-related stress and anxiety symptoms: (1) Danger and contamination fears, (2) fears about economic consequences, (3) xenophobia, (4) compulsive checking and reassurance seeking, and (5) traumatic stress symptoms about COVID-19. The scales performed well on various indices of reliability and validity. The scales were intercorrelated, providing evidence of a COVID Stress Syndrome. The scales offer promise as tools for better understanding the distress associated with COVID-19 and for identifying people in need of mental health services.