Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature, Version 5 (ERSSTv5): Upgrades, Validations, and Intercomparisons
Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature, Version 5 (ERSSTv5): Upgrades, Validations, and Intercomparisons
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-16-0836.1
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Zhang, Huai-Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huang, Boyin;Thorne, Peter W.;Zhang, Huai-Min
月度全球 28 3 28 扩展重建海面温度 (ERSST) 已从版本 4 修订并更新为版本 5。此更新包含新发布的 ICOADS 版本 3.0 (R3.0)、来自 Argo 浮标的十年近地表数据以及来自 HadISST2 对百年海冰的新估计。对质量控制、偏差调整、插值等方面的多项选择进行了实质性修改。由此产生的 ERSST 估计值具有更真实的时空变化，更好地代表高纬度海表温度，并且现在相对于更准确的浮标测量来计算船舶海表温度偏差，而全球长期趋势保持大致相同。我们进行了渐进式实验，以突出数据源和分析技术的每次变化对最终产品的影响。由于参考数据源从 ERSSTv4 中的船舶海表温度切换为 ERSSTv5 中的现代浮标海表温度，重建的海表温度系统地降低了 0.077 摄氏度。此外，通过使用HadISST2的海冰浓度比HadISST1的海冰浓度，高纬度海温降低了0.1°C-0.2°C。剩余创新带来的变化在小空间和时间尺度上最为重要，主要在输入观测稀疏的地方和时间产生影响。与独立现代观测的交叉验证和验证表明，ERSSTv5 中纳入的更新改进了对全球海洋空间变化、厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件的强度以及 1930 年代至 40 年代观测仪器快速变化时海表温度变化的十年性质的表征。 ERSSTv5 中的长期（1900-2015 年）和短期（2000-15 年）海表温度趋势与 ERSSTv4 中一样仍然显着。
The monthly global 28 3 28 Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) has been revised and updated from version 4 to version 5. This update incorporates a new release of ICOADS release 3.0 (R3.0), a decade of near-surface data from Argo floats, and a new estimate of centennial sea ice from HadISST2. A number of choices in aspects of quality control, bias adjustment, and interpolation have been substantively revised. The resulting ERSST estimates have more realistic spatiotemporal variations, better representation of high-latitude SSTs, and ship SST biases are now calculated relative to more accurate buoy measurements, while the global long-term trend remains about the same. Progressive experiments have been undertaken to highlight the effects of each change in data source and analysis technique upon the final product. The reconstructed SST is systematically decreased by 0.077 degrees C, as the reference data source is switched from ship SST in ERSSTv4 to modern buoy SST in ERSSTv5. Furthermore, high-latitude SSTs are decreased by 0.1 degrees-0.2 degrees C by using sea ice concentration from HadISST2 over HadISST1. Changes arising from remaining innovations are mostly important at small space and time scales, primarily having an impact where and when input observations are sparse. Cross validations and verifications with independent modern observations show that the updates incorporated in ERSSTv5 have improved the representation of spatial variability over the global oceans, the magnitude of El Nino and La Nina events, and the decadal nature of SST changes over 1930s-40s when observation instruments changed rapidly. Both long-(1900-2015) and short-term (2000-15) SST trends in ERSSTv5 remain significant as in ERSSTv4.