Direct effects dominate responses to climate perturbations in grassland plant communities.
Direct effects dominate responses to climate perturbations in grassland plant communities.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms11766
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发表时间：
2016-06-08
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Adler PB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chu C;Kleinhesselink AR;Havstad KM;McClaran MP;Peters DP;Vermeire LT;Wei H;Adler PB
理论预测，当竞争者之间的生态位差异很小，而竞争者所经历的直接影响的变化很大时，环境变化的强烈间接影响将影响社区，但缺乏实证检验。在这里，我们估计负频率依赖，生态位差异的代理，并量化气候变化对每个物种的直接和间接影响。与理论一致，在五个社区的四个间接影响是最强的物种表现出弱的负频率依赖。在直接影响差异较大的社区，间接影响也更强。对气候扰动的总体反应主要是由直接影响驱动的，这表明单物种模型可能足以预测气候变化对这些社区的影响。 环境变化可以通过改变竞争相互作用的结果对种群产生间接影响。在这里，Chu等人表明，虽然直接影响主导了草原物种对气候扰动的反应，但间接影响可能在生态位差异较小的物种中更大。
Theory predicts that strong indirect effects of environmental change will impact communities when niche differences between competitors are small and variation in the direct effects experienced by competitors is large, but empirical tests are lacking. Here we estimate negative frequency dependence, a proxy for niche differences, and quantify the direct and indirect effects of climate change on each species. Consistent with theory, in four of five communities indirect effects are strongest for species showing weak negative frequency dependence. Indirect effects are also stronger in communities where there is greater variation in direct effects. Overall responses to climate perturbations are driven primarily by direct effects, suggesting that single species models may be adequate for forecasting the impacts of climate change in these communities. Environmental change can have indirect effects on populations by altering the outcome of competitive interactions. Here, Chu et al. show that although direct effects dominate the responses of grassland species to climate perturbations, indirect effects could be greater among species with smaller niche differences.