Optimal full matching for survival outcomes: a method that merits more widespread use.
Optimal full matching for survival outcomes: a method that merits more widespread use.
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DOI：
10.1002/sim.6602
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发表时间：
2015-12-30
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Stuart EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Austin PC;Stuart EA
倾向评分匹配是一种常用的分析方法，用于估计治疗对结果的影响。常用的倾向得分匹配方法包括最近邻匹配和最近邻卡尺匹配。 Rosenbaum（1991）提出了一种最佳完全匹配方法，其中匹配层由一名治疗受试者和至少一名对照受试者或一名对照受试者和至少一名治疗受试者组成。完全匹配在应用文献中很少使用。此外，其用于生存结果的性能尚未经过严格评估。我们提出了一种使用完全匹配的方法来估计治疗对结果发生风险的影响。进行了一系列广泛的蒙特卡罗模拟，以检查最佳完全匹配与生存分析的性能。将其性能与最近邻匹配、最近邻卡尺匹配和使用倾向得分的治疗加权逆概率进行比较。与其他两种匹配算法相比，完全匹配具有优越的性能，并且与使用倾向得分的治疗加权的逆概率具有相当的性能。我们举例说明了应用与生存结果的完全匹配来评估出院时他汀类药物处方对一大群诊断为急性心肌梗死的出院患者的出院后死亡率风险的影响。最佳完全匹配值得在医学和流行病学研究中得到更广泛的采用。 © 2015 作者。医学统计由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 出版。
Matching on the propensity score is a commonly used analytic method for estimating the effects of treatments on outcomes. Commonly used propensity score matching methods include nearest neighbor matching and nearest neighbor caliper matching. Rosenbaum (1991) proposed an optimal full matching approach, in which matched strata are formed consisting of either one treated subject and at least one control subject or one control subject and at least one treated subject. Full matching has been used rarely in the applied literature. Furthermore, its performance for use with survival outcomes has not been rigorously evaluated. We propose a method to use full matching to estimate the effect of treatment on the hazard of the occurrence of the outcome. An extensive set of Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to examine the performance of optimal full matching with survival analysis. Its performance was compared with that of nearest neighbor matching, nearest neighbor caliper matching, and inverse probability of treatment weighting using the propensity score. Full matching has superior performance compared with that of the two other matching algorithms and had comparable performance with that of inverse probability of treatment weighting using the propensity score. We illustrate the application of full matching with survival outcomes to estimate the effect of statin prescribing at hospital discharge on the hazard of post‐discharge mortality in a large cohort of patients who were discharged from hospital with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Optimal full matching merits more widespread adoption in medical and epidemiological research. © 2015 The Authors. Statistics in Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.