Role of gut microbiota in Crohn's disease.
Role of gut microbiota in Crohn's disease.
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DOI：
10.1586/egh.09.47
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Ferguson, Lynnette R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker, Phillip I;Love, Donald R;Ferguson, Lynnette R
克罗恩病（CD）是炎症性肠病（IBD）的一种形式，它提供了一种宿主-微生物相互作用的复杂模型，支持疾病的发病机制。虽然CD的病因尚未达成广泛共识，但有证据表明微生物导致了该疾病的严重炎症反应特征。尽管有几种微生物候选者，但没有特定的微生物被认为是致病的。相反，“致病菌群”的概念已经从证据中出现，健康人类肠道微生物生态系统的稳定性因宿主遗传学和免疫力不稳定而被破坏，这可能是通过改变公共卫生实践导致微生物暴露量随时间推移而改变。我们讨论了哺乳动物肠道复杂的微生物生态系统，易患CD的潜在遗传因素，以及这些基因变异如何改变宿主-微生物相互作用并传播炎症。在接下来的5年里，对CD相关基因的了解增加，以及这些基因变异的个体对营养素和药物的反应方式不同，将使使用药物基因组学和营养基因组学方法的个性化疗法的合理开发成为可能。
Crohn's disease (CD), a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), provides a complex model of host-microbe interactions underpinning disease pathogenesis. Although there is not widespread agreement on the etiology of CD, there is evidence that microorganisms lead to the often severe inflammatory response characteristic of the disease. Despite several microbial candidates, no specific microbe has been considered pathogenic. Instead, the concept of the 'pathogenic community' has emerged from the evidence, whereby the stability of the microbial ecosystem of the healthy human gut is disrupted in response to host genetics and destabilized immunity, perhaps through changing public health practices leading to altered microbial exposures over time. We discuss the complex microbial ecosystem of the mammalian gut, the underlying genetic factors that predispose to CD, and how these gene variants may alter host-microbe interactions and propagate inflammation. Over the next 5 years, the increased understanding of genes involved in CD and the way in which individuals with variants of these genes respond differently to nutrients and drugs will enable the rational development of personalized therapies, using pharmacogenomic and nutrigenomic approaches.