Effects of Temperature and Light on Methane Production of Widespread Marine Phytoplankton
Effects of Temperature and Light on Methane Production of Widespread Marine Phytoplankton
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DOI：
10.1029/2020jg005793
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Keppler, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Klintzsch, T.;Langer, G.;Keppler, F.
海洋表面混合层中甲烷（CH 4）的产生是一种普遍存在但在很大程度上仍然无法解释的现象。在这方面，最近有人认为海藻可能是表层沃茨中CH（4）的来源。本文研究了温度和光照强度（包括日照长度）对三种分布广泛的海藻Emiliania huxleyi、Phaeocystis globosa和Chrysochromulinasp产生CH（4）的影响。E.当温度从10 ℃升高到21.5 ℃时，huxlei增加了210%，而温度进一步升高（高达23.8 ℃）表明CH（4）产生速率降低。结果表明，E. huxleyi是由光控制的：当光照强度从30 μ mol·m ~（-2）·s ~（-1）增加到2,670 μ mol·m ~（-2）·s ~（-1）时，CH ~（4）的释放速率连续增加近1个数量级，而当光照周期从6/18小时的光暗循环延长到连续光照时，CH ~（4）的释放速率则增加1个数量级以上。此外，光照强度也是控制Chrysochromulinasp释放CH（4）的重要因素。和P. globosaand可能是一个物种独立的调节浮游植物CH（4）的生产。根据我们的研究结果，我们可以得出结论，广泛的开花E。huxleyic可能是地表水中CH（4）的主要区域来源，因为E. huxleyi与光照和温度的季节性增加有关，这也刺激CH（4）的产生。在典型的全球变化情景下，E.甲烷是一种影响地球气候的气体，通常由微生物在缺氧或地质过程中产生。令人惊讶的是，甲烷也产生于氧合良好的海洋表面沃茨中，这被称为海洋-甲烷悖论。海洋浮游植物最近被发现是甲烷的来源，这可能有助于解释这一悖论。环境因素，如光和温度可能是重要的控制甲烷从海藻生产。为了了解环境因素如何影响浮游植物甲烷的形成，我们在实验室条件下进行了几个实验。我们发现，温度，光照强度和白天长度强烈控制浮游植物的甲烷生产。海洋藻类的野外水华与光照和温度的季节性升高密切相关，是海洋表层沃茨甲烷的重要区域来源。在典型的全球变化情景下，海藻可能会在世纪增加其甲烷产量。
Methane (CH4) production in the ocean surface mixed layer is a widespread but still largely unexplained phenomenon. In this context marine algae have recently been described as a possible source of CH(4)in surface waters. In the present study we investigated the effects of temperature and light intensity (including daylength) on CH(4)formation from three widespread marine algal speciesEmiliania huxleyi,Phaeocystis globosa,andChrysochromulinasp. Rates ofE. huxleyiincreased by 210% when temperature increased in a range from 10 degrees C to 21.5 degrees C, while a further increase in temperature (up to 23.8 degrees C) showed reduction of CH(4)production rates. Our results clearly showed that CH(4)formation ofE. huxleyiis controlled by light: When light intensity increased from 30 to 2,670 mu mol m(-2) s(-1), CH(4)emission rates increased continuously by almost 1 order of magnitude and was more than 1 order of magnitude higher when the daylength (light period) was extended from 6/18 hr light-dark cycle to continuous light. Furthermore, light intensity is also an important factor controlling CH(4)emissions ofChrysochromulinasp. andP. globosaand could therefore be a species-independent regulator of phytoplankton CH(4)production. Based on our results, we might conclude that extensive blooms ofE. huxleyicould act as a main regional source of CH(4)in surface water, since blooming ofE. huxleyiis related to the seasonal increase in both light and temperature, which also stimulate CH(4)production. Under typical global change scenarios,E. huxleyiwill increase its CH(4)production in the future.Plain Language Summary Methane is a gas that affects the Earth's climate and is typically produced by microbes in the absence of oxygen or through geological processes. Surprisingly, methane is also produced in oceanic surface waters that are well oxygenated, known as the ocean-methane paradox. Marine phytoplankton has recently been discovered as a methane source, which might help to explain the paradox. Environmental factors such as light and temperature might be important for controlling methane production from marine algae. In order to understand how environmental factors affect methane formation from phytoplankton, we performed several experiments under laboratory conditions. We find that temperature, light intensity, and day length strongly control methane production of phytoplankton. The field blooms of marine algae, which are often strongly related to the seasonal increase of light and temperature, could act as an important regional source of methane in oceanic surface waters. Under typical global change scenarios, marine algae might increase their methane production in the 21th century.